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Generative modeling with machine learning has provided a new perspective on the data-driven task of reconstructing quantum states from a set of qubit measurements. As increasingly large experimental quantum devices are built in…

We compare and contrast the statistical physics and quantum physics inspired approaches for unsupervised generative modeling of classical data. The two approaches represent probabilities of observed data using energy-based models and…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2018-08-08 Song Cheng , Jing Chen , Lei Wang

Extracting automatically the complex set of features composing real high-dimensional data is crucial for achieving high performance in machine--learning tasks. Restricted Boltzmann Machines (RBM) are empirically known to be efficient for…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2017-04-05 Jérôme Tubiana , Rémi Monasson

Quantum computers offer the potential for efficiently sampling from complex probability distributions, attracting increasing interest in generative modeling within quantum machine learning. This surge in interest has driven the development…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-19 Maria Demidik , Cenk Tüysüz , Nico Piatkowski , Michele Grossi , Karl Jansen

We describe discrete restricted Boltzmann machines: probabilistic graphical models with bipartite interactions between visible and hidden discrete variables. Examples are binary restricted Boltzmann machines and discrete naive Bayes models.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2014-04-23 Guido Montufar , Jason Morton

Quantum mechanics provides a statistical description about nature, and thus would be incomplete if its statistical predictions could not be accounted for by some realistic models with hidden variables. There are, however, two powerful…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-10-04 Xi Kong , Mingjun Shi , Fazhan Shi , Pengfei Wang , Pu Huang , Qi Zhang , Chenyong Ju , Changkui Duan , Sixia Yu , Jiangfeng Du

Restricted Boltzmann machines (RBMs) are powerful machine learning models, but learning and some kinds of inference in the model require sampling-based approximations, which, in classical digital computers, are implemented using expensive…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2014-10-27 Vincent Dumoulin , Ian J. Goodfellow , Aaron Courville , Yoshua Bengio

A model for two entangled systems in an EPR setting is shown to reproduce the quantum-mechanical outcomes and expectation values. Each system is represented by a small sphere containing a point-like particle embedded in a field. A quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-09-29 A. Matzkin

Large-scale electrophysiological recordings now allow simultaneous monitoring of thousands of neurons across multiple brain regions, revealing structured variability in neural population activity. Understanding how these collective patterns…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2026-03-12 Nicolas Béreux , Giovanni Catania , Aurélien Decelle , Francesca Mignacco , Alfonso de Jesús Navas Gómez , Beatriz Seoane

The Restricted Boltzmann Machine (RBM), an important tool used in machine learning in particular for unsupervized learning tasks, is investigated from the perspective of its spectral properties. Starting from empirical observations, we…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2018-01-17 Aurélien Decelle , Giancarlo Fissore , Cyril Furtlehner

Computing equilibrium states in condensed-matter many-body systems, such as solvated proteins, is a long-standing challenge. Lacking methods for generating statistically independent equilibrium samples in "one shot", vast computational…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-07-15 Frank Noé , Simon Olsson , Jonas Köhler , Hao Wu

Restricted Boltzman Machines (RBMs) have been successfully used in recommender systems. However, as with most of other collaborative filtering techniques, it cannot solve cold start problems for there is no rating for a new item. In this…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2014-08-04 Jiankou Li , Wei Zhang

A hybrid quantum-classical method for learning Boltzmann machines (BM) for a generative and discriminative task is presented. Boltzmann machines are undirected graphs with a network of visible and hidden nodes where the former is used as…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-07-21 Siddhartha Srivastava , Veera Sundararaghavan

Understanding the dynamics of a system is important in many scientific and engineering domains. This problem can be approached by learning state transition rules from observations using machine learning techniques. Such observed time-series…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-08 Koji Watanabe , Katsumi Inoue

Quantum Boltzmann machines are natural quantum generalizations of Boltzmann machines that are expected to be more expressive than their classical counterparts, as evidenced both numerically for small systems and asymptotically under various…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-03-05 Eric R. Anschuetz , Yudong Cao

We show that Restricted Boltzmann Machines (RBMs) provide a flexible generative framework for modeling spin configurations in disordered yet strongly correlated phases of frustrated magnets. As a benchmark, we first demonstrate that an RBM…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2026-02-19 Ho Jang , Jackson C. Glass , Gia-Wei Chern

We develop a machine learning method to construct accurate ground-state wave functions of strongly interacting and entangled quantum spin as well as fermionic models on lattices. A restricted Boltzmann machine algorithm in the form of an…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2017-11-30 Yusuke Nomura , Andrew S. Darmawan , Youhei Yamaji , Masatoshi Imada

The complete learning of an $n$-qubit quantum state requires samples exponentially in $n$. Several works consider subclasses of quantum states that can be learned in polynomial sample complexity such as stabilizer states or high-temperature…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-19 Liming Zhao , Naixu Guo , Ming-Xing Luo , Patrick Rebentrost

Machine learning representations of many-body quantum states have recently been introduced as an ansatz to describe the ground states and unitary evolutions of many-body quantum systems. We explore one of the most important representations,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-01-10 Zhih-Ahn Jia , Yuan-Hang Zhang , Yu-Chun Wu , Liang Kong , Guang-Can Guo , Guo-Ping Guo

Restricted Boltzmann Machines (RBMs) are generative models which can learn useful representations from samples of a dataset in an unsupervised fashion. They have been widely employed as an unsupervised pre-training method in machine…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2013-09-13 Chris Häusler , Alex Susemihl , Martin P Nawrot , Manfred Opper