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Conditional restricted Boltzmann machines are undirected stochastic neural networks with a layer of input and output units connected bipartitely to a layer of hidden units. These networks define models of conditional probability…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2015-03-13 Guido Montufar , Nihat Ay , Keyan Ghazi-Zahedi

In this work, we analyze the nonequilibrium thermodynamics of a class of neural networks known as Restricted Boltzmann Machines (RBMs) in the context of unsupervised learning. We show how the network is described as a discrete Markov…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-08-23 Domingos S. P. Salazar

This review deals with Restricted Boltzmann Machine (RBM) under the light of statistical physics. The RBM is a classical family of Machine learning (ML) models which played a central role in the development of deep learning. Viewing it as a…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2023-07-17 Aurélien Decelle , Cyril Furtlehner

Boltzmann's principle is used to select the "most probable" realization (macrostate) of an isolated or closed thermodynamic system, containing a small number of particles ($N \llsp \infty$), for both classical and quantum statistics. The…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-05-13 Robert K. Niven

A restricted Boltzmann machine (RBM) is a generative neural-network model with many novel applications such as collaborative filtering and acoustic modeling. An RBM lacks the capacity to retain memory, making it inappropriate for dynamic…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-05-01 Jefferson Hernandez , Andres G. Abad

Conditional generative models are capable of using contextual information as input to create new imaginative outputs. Conditional Restricted Boltzmann Machines (CRBMs) are one class of conditional generative models that have proven to be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-16 Alex H. Lang , Anton D. Loukianov , Charles K. Fisher

The restricted Boltzmann machine (RBM) is one of the fundamental building blocks of deep learning. RBM finds wide applications in dimensional reduction, feature extraction, and recommender systems via modeling the probability distributions…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2018-02-07 Jing Chen , Song Cheng , Haidong Xie , Lei Wang , Tao Xiang

Restricted Boltzmann machines (RBM) and deep Boltzmann machines (DBM) are important models in machine learning, and recently found numerous applications in quantum many-body physics. We show that there are fundamental connections between…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-09-01 Sujie Li , Feng Pan , Pengfei Zhou , Pan Zhang

We demonstrate quantum many-body state reconstruction from experimental data generated by a programmable quantum simulator, by means of a neural network model incorporating known experimental errors. Specifically, we extract restricted…

Restricted Boltzmann machines (RBMs) constitute one of the main models for machine statistical inference and they are widely employed in Artificial Intelligence as powerful tools for (deep) learning. However, in contrast with countless…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2019-03-12 Elena Agliari , Adriano Barra , Brunello Tirozzi

Machine learning is becoming widely used in analyzing the thermodynamics of many-body condensed matter systems. Restricted Boltzmann Machine (RBM) aided Monte Carlo simulations have sparked interest recently, as they manage to speed up…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-01-22 Daniel Alcalde Puente , Ilya M. Eremin

The restricted Boltzmann machine (RBM) is used to investigate short-range order in binary alloys. The network is trained on the data collected by Monte Carlo simulations for a simple Ising-like binary alloy model and used to calculate the…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2021-11-01 M. A. Timirgazin , A. K. Arzhnikov

Generative models offer a direct way of modeling complex data. Energy-based models attempt to encode the statistical correlations observed in the data at the level of the Boltzmann weight associated with an energy function in the form of a…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2024-04-10 Aurélien Decelle , Cyril Furtlehner , Alfonso De Jesus Navas Gómez , Beatriz Seoane

A Restricted Boltzmann Machine (RBM) is an unsupervised machine-learning bipartite graphical model that jointly learns a probability distribution over data and extracts their relevant statistical features. As such, RBM were recently…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-19 Jérôme Tubiana , Simona Cocco , Rémi Monasson

Restricted Boltzmann machines (RBMs) are endowed with the universal power of modeling (binary) joint distributions. Meanwhile, as a result of their confining network structure, training RBMs confronts less difficulties (compared with more…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-10-22 Sai Zhang

The experimental violation of Bell inequality establishes necessary but not sufficient conditions that any theory must obey. Namely, a theory compatible with the experimental observations can satisfy at most two of the three hypotheses at…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-10-22 Antonio Di Lorenzo

A model for two entangled systems in an EPR setting is shown to reproduce the quantum-mechanical outcomes and expectation values. Each system is represented by a small sphere containing a point-like particle embedded in a field. A quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-09-29 A. Matzkin

We conduct experimental simulations of many body quantum systems using a \emph{hybrid} classical-quantum algorithm. In our setup, the wave function of the transverse field quantum Ising model is represented by a restricted Boltzmann…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-12-05 Bartłomiej Gardas , Marek M. Rams , Jacek Dziarmaga

Restricted Boltzmann machines (RBM) are generative models capable to learn data with a rich underlying structure. We study the teacher-student setting where a student RBM learns structured data generated by a teacher RBM. The amount of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Robin Thériault , Francesco Tosello , Daniele Tantari

The restricted Boltzmann machine is a network of stochastic units with undirected interactions between pairs of visible and hidden units. This model was popularized as a building block of deep learning architectures and has continued to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-06-20 Guido Montufar