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Federated learning performs distributed model training using local data hosted by agents. It shares only model parameter updates for iterative aggregation at the server. Although it is privacy-preserving by design, federated learning is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-09 Yufei Han , Xiangliang Zhang

Convolutional Neural Networks and Deep Learning classification systems in general have been shown to be vulnerable to attack by specially crafted data samples that appear to belong to one class but are instead classified as another,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-18 Cody Burkard , Brent Lagesse

We consider an empirical likelihood framework for inference for a statistical model based on an informative sampling design. Covariate information is incorporated both through the weights and the estimating equations. The estimator is based…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-05-03 Sanjay Chaudhuri , Mark S. Handcock

This paper studies the evaluation of methods for targeting the allocation of limited resources to a high-risk subpopulation. We consider a randomized controlled trial to measure the difference in efficiency between two targeting methods and…

Applications · Statistics 2018-04-04 Eric Potash

Our decision-making processes are becoming more data driven, based on data from multiple sources, of different types, processed by a variety of technologies. As technology becomes more relevant for decision processes, the more likely they…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2018-01-01 Tomasz Ostwald

Conditional average treatment effects (CATEs) are increasingly estimated from observational data and used to guide policy and individualized treatment decisions. Before such estimates can be trusted in practice, their predictive fitness…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-21 Bosen Cui , Yuhong Yang

Many Artificial Intelligence systems depend on the agent's updating its beliefs about the world on the basis of experience. Experiments constitute one type of experience, so scientific methodology offers a natural environment for examining…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-04-08 Harold P. Lehmann

A long-standing challenge in Reinforcement Learning is enabling agents to learn a model of their environment which can be transferred to solve other problems in a world with the same underlying rules. One reason this is difficult is the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-16 Kai Olav Ellefsen , Jim Torresen

Recent applications of machine learning (ML) reveal a noticeable shift from its use for predictive modeling in the sense of a data-driven construction of models mainly used for the purpose of prediction (of ground-truth facts) to its use…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-16 Eyke Hüllermeier

Existing procedures for model validation have been deemed inadequate for many engineering systems. The reason of this inadequacy is due to the high degree of complexity of the mechanisms that govern these systems. It is proposed in this…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2007-05-23 A. Guergachi

A growing literature on human-AI decision-making investigates strategies for combining human judgment with statistical models to improve decision-making. Research in this area often evaluates proposed improvements to models, interfaces, or…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-05-29 Luke Guerdan , Amanda Coston , Zhiwei Steven Wu , Kenneth Holstein

We study the model selection problem in conditional average treatment effect (CATE) prediction. Unlike previous works on this topic, we focus on preserving the rank order of the performance of candidate CATE predictors to enable accurate…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-07-20 Yuta Saito , Shota Yasui

The decision-making process in real-world implementations has been affected by a growing reliance on data-driven models. We investigated the synergetic pattern between the data-driven methods, empirical domain knowledge, and…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2023-09-22 Xia Chen , Ruiji Sun , Ueli Saluz , Stefano Schiavon , Philipp Geyer

Machine learning (ML) is a growing field of computer science that has found many practical applications in several domains, including Health. However, as data grows in size and availability, and the number of models that aim to aid or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-29 Diego Dimer Rodrigues

One of the greatest research challenges of this century is to understand the neural basis for how behavior emerges in brain-body-environment systems. To this end, research has flourished along several directions but have predominantly…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2021-06-10 Madhavun Candadai

Predicting future events is an important activity with applications across multiple fields and domains. For example, the capacity to foresee stock market trends, natural disasters, business developments, or political events can facilitate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-13 Petraq Nako , Adam Jatowt

Conformal prediction is a framework for uncertainty quantification that constructs prediction sets for previously unseen data, guaranteeing coverage of the true label with a specified probability. However, the efficiency of these prediction…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Erfan Hajihashemi , Yanning Shen

When agents interact with a complex environment, they must form and maintain beliefs about the relevant aspects of that environment. We propose a way to efficiently train expressive generative models in complex environments. We show that a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-25 Karol Gregor , Danilo Jimenez Rezende , Frederic Besse , Yan Wu , Hamza Merzic , Aaron van den Oord

Predicting pedestrian motion trajectories is crucial for path planning and motion control of autonomous vehicles. Accurately forecasting crowd trajectories is challenging due to the uncertain nature of human motions in different…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-11 Yu Liu , Yuexin Zhang , Kunming Li , Yongliang Qiao , Stewart Worrall , You-Fu Li , He Kong

Imitation learning field requires expert data to train agents in a task. Most often, this learning approach suffers from the absence of available data, which results in techniques being tested on its dataset. Creating datasets is a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-04 Nathan Gavenski , Michael Luck , Odinaldo Rodrigues