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It has been challenging to model the complex temporal-spatial dependencies between agents for trajectory prediction. As each state of an agent is closely related to the states of adjacent time steps, capturing the local temporal dependency…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Yixin Yan , Yang Li , Yuanfan Wang , Xiaozhou Zhou , Beihao Xia , Manjiang Hu , Hongmao Qin

Human behavior prediction models enable robots to anticipate how humans may react to their actions, and hence are instrumental to devising safe and proactive robot planning algorithms. However, modeling complex interaction dynamics and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-11-24 Boris Ivanovic , Karen Leung , Edward Schmerling , Marco Pavone

Vertical Federated Learning (VFL)-based Traffic State Estimation (TSE) offers a promising approach for integrating vertically distributed traffic data from municipal authorities (MA) and mobility providers (MP) while safeguarding privacy.…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Zijun Zhan , Yaxian Dong , Daniel Mawunyo Doe , Yuqing Hu , Shuai Li , Shaohua Cao , Zhu Han

Measurement of a physical quantity such as light intensity is an integral part of many reconstruction and decision scenarios but can be costly in terms of acquisition time, invasion of or damage to the environment and storage. Data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Catherine F. Higham , Paul Henderson , Roderick Murray-Smith

We design a variational state estimation (VSE) method that provides a closed-form Gaussian posterior of an underlying complex dynamical process from (noisy) nonlinear measurements. The complex process is model-free. That is, we do not have…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-30 Gustav Norén , Anubhab Ghosh , Fredrik Cumlin , Saikat Chatterjee

Variational autoencoders (VAEs) employ Bayesian inference to interpret sensory inputs, mirroring processes that occur in primate vision across both ventral (Higgins et al., 2021) and dorsal (Vafaii et al., 2023) pathways. Despite their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Hadi Vafaii , Dekel Galor , Jacob L. Yates

Action visual tempo characterizes the dynamics and the temporal scale of an action, which is helpful to distinguish human actions that share high similarities in visual dynamics and appearance. Previous methods capture the visual tempo…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-13 Yuanzhong Liu , Junsong Yuan , Zhigang Tu

In this paper we study the problem of estimating the drift/viscosity coefficient for a large class of linear, parabolic stochastic partial differential equations (SPDEs) driven by an additive space-time noise. We propose a new class of…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2016-11-15 Igor Cialenco , Ruoting Gong , Yicong Huang

Variational autoencoders (VAEs) rely on amortized variational inference to enable efficient posterior approximation, but this efficiency comes at the cost of a shared parametrization, giving rise to the amortization gap. We propose the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Andrea Pollastro , Andrea Apicella , Francesco Isgrò , Roberto Prevete

Learning a robust video Variational Autoencoder (VAE) is essential for reducing video redundancy and facilitating efficient video generation. Directly applying image VAEs to individual frames in isolation can result in temporal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Yazhou Xing , Yang Fei , Yingqing He , Jingye Chen , Jiaxin Xie , Xiaowei Chi , Qifeng Chen

Recent work in synthetic data generation in the time-series domain has focused on the use of Generative Adversarial Networks. We propose a novel architecture for synthetically generating time-series data with the use of Variational…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-08 Abhyuday Desai , Cynthia Freeman , Zuhui Wang , Ian Beaver

Gait recognition, a growing field in biological recognition technology, utilizes distinct walking patterns for accurate individual identification. However, existing methods lack the incorporation of temporal information. To reach the full…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Haijun Xiong , Yunze Deng , Bin Feng , Xinggang Wang , Wenyu Liu

Most action recognition solutions rely on dense sampling to precisely cover the informative temporal clip. Extensively searching temporal region is expensive for a real-world application. In this work, we focus on improving the inference…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-30 Chunhui Liu , Xinyu Li , Hao Chen , Davide Modolo , Joseph Tighe

Variational Auto-encoders (VAEs) have been very successful as methods for forming compressed latent representations of complex, often high-dimensional, data. In this paper, we derive an alternative variational lower bound from the one…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-20 Shuyu Lin , Ronald Clark , Robert Birke , Niki Trigoni , Stephen Roberts

Video-based human pose estimation models aim to address scenarios that cannot be effectively solved by static image models such as motion blur, out-of-focus and occlusion. Most existing approaches consist of two stages: detecting human…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Zhihong Wei

Trajectory prediction is crucial for the reliability and safety of autonomous driving systems, yet it remains a challenging task in complex interactive scenarios due to noisy trajectory observations and intricate agent interactions.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Wenyi Xiong , Jian Chen , Ziheng Qi , Wenhua Chen

Variational autoencoders (VAE) are a powerful and widely-used class of models to learn complex data distributions in an unsupervised fashion. One important limitation of VAEs is the prior assumption that latent sample representations are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-27 Francesco Paolo Casale , Adrian V Dalca , Luca Saglietti , Jennifer Listgarten , Nicolo Fusi

In recent studies, Lots of work has been done to solve time series anomaly detection by applying Variational Auto-Encoders (VAEs). Time series anomaly detection is a very common but challenging task in many industries, which plays an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-11 Liang Xu , Liying Zheng , Weijun Li , Zhenbo Chen , Weishun Song , Yue Deng , Yongzhe Chang , Jing Xiao , Bo Yuan

Anomaly detection in videos aims at reporting anything that does not conform the normal behaviour or distribution. However, due to the sparsity of abnormal video clips in real life, collecting annotated data for supervised learning is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-10-22 Yiwei Lu , Mahesh Kumar Krishna Reddy , Seyed shahabeddin Nabavi , Yang Wang

In human activity recognition (HAR), the assumption that training and testing data are independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) often fails, particularly in cross-user scenarios where data distributions vary significantly. This…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-25 Xiaozhou Ye , Kevin I-Kai Wang