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We show the first use of generative transformers for generating calorimeter showers as point clouds in a high-granularity calorimeter. Using the tokenizer and generative part of the OmniJet-${\alpha}$ model, we represent the hits in the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-06-12 Joschka Birk , Frank Gaede , Anna Hallin , Gregor Kasieczka , Martina Mozzanica , Henning Rose

In order to better understand energy estimation of electromagnetic showers in segmented calorimeters, detailed Geant4 simulation studies of electromagnetic showers in the energy range 1--100 GeV in CsI have been performed. When sampled in…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2016-11-15 Sara Bergenius Gavler , Per Carlson , Jan Conrad

We study single-image super-resolution algorithms for photons at collider experiments based on generative adversarial networks. We treat the energy depositions of simulated electromagnetic showers of photons and neutral-pion decays in a toy…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2023-11-08 Johannes Erdmann , Aaron van der Graaf , Florian Mausolf , Olaf Nackenhorst

Simulating showers of particles in highly-granular detectors is a key frontier in the application of machine learning to particle physics. Achieving high accuracy and speed with generative machine learning models would enable them to…

In this work, we present a conditional denoising-diffusion surrogate for electromagnetic calorimeter showers that is trained to generate high-fidelity energy-deposition maps conditioned on key detector and beam parameters. The model employs…

A general approach to a fast simulation of electromagnetic showers using parameterizations of the longitudinal and radial profiles in homogeneous and sampling calorimeters is described. The dependence of the shower development on the…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2007-05-23 G. Grindhammer , S. Peters

CMS experiment is using Geant4 for Monte-Carlo simulation of the detector setup. Validation of physics processes describing hadronic showers is a major concern in view of getting a proper description of jets and missing energy for signal…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2018-08-09 Stefan Piperov

The detailed simulation of extensive air showers, produced by primary cosmic rays interacting in the atmosphere, is a task that is traditionally undertaken by means of Monte Carlo methods. These processes are computationally intensive,…

Computational Physics · Physics 2025-10-31 C. Bozza , A. Calivà , A. De Caro , D. De Gruttola , S. De Pasquale , L. A. Fusco , G. Messuti , C. Poirè , S. Scarpetta , T. Virgili

The physics programs of current and future collider experiments necessitate the development of surrogate simulators for calorimeter showers. While much progress has been made in the development of generative models for this task, they have…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2025-11-24 Thorsten Buss , Henry Day-Hall , Frank Gaede , Gregor Kasieczka , Katja Krüger , Anatolii Korol , Thomas Madlener , Peter McKeown

In High Energy Physics, detailed calorimeter simulations and reconstructions are essential for accurate energy measurements and particle identification, but their high granularity makes them computationally expensive. Developing data-driven…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2026-03-31 Andrea Cosso

In this study, a novel approach is demonstrated for converting calorimeter images from fast simulations to those akin to comprehensive full simulations, utilizing conditional Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs). The concept of pix2pix is…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2024-12-11 Ebru Simsek , Bora Isildak , Anil Dogru , Reyhan , Aydogan Burak Bayrak , Seyda Ertekin

We introduce CaloFlow, a fast detector simulation framework based on normalizing flows. For the first time, we demonstrate that normalizing flows can reproduce many-channel calorimeter showers with extremely high fidelity, providing a fresh…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2023-07-12 Claudius Krause , David Shih

Motivated by the computational limitations of simulating interactions of particles in highly-granular detectors, there exists a concerted effort to build fast and exact machine-learning-based shower simulators. This work reports progress on…

The highly granular calorimeter prototypes of the CALICE collaboration have provided large data samples with precise three-dimensional information on hadronic showers with steel and tungsten absorbers and silicon, scintillator and gas…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2019-08-13 Naomi van der Kolk

Simulation is crucial for all aspects of collider data analysis, but the available computing budget in the High Luminosity LHC era will be severely constrained. Generative machine learning models may act as surrogates to replace…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2023-10-04 Oz Amram , Kevin Pedro

We provide a bridge between generative modeling in the Machine Learning community and simulated physical processes in High Energy Particle Physics by applying a novel Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) architecture to the production of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-11-07 Luke de Oliveira , Michela Paganini , Benjamin Nachman

The simulation of calorimeter showers presents a significant computational challenge, impacting the efficiency and accuracy of particle physics experiments. While generative ML models have been effective in enhancing and accelerating the…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2024-05-28 Simon Schnake , Dirk Krücker , Kerstin Borras

Motivated by the high computational costs of classical simulations, machine-learned generative models can be extremely useful in particle physics and elsewhere. They become especially attractive when surrogate models can efficiently learn…

The paper describes a novel neural-network-based approach to study the distributions of secondaries produced in hadronic showers using observables provided by highly granular calorimeters. The response is analysed of the highly granular…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2023-01-12 M. Chadeeva , S. Korpachev

This dataset contains a detailed simulation output that allows the construction and study of different data representations for electromagnetic and hadronic showers in calorimeters. It is published so that optimal data representations can…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2025-09-29 Anna Zaborowska , Peter McKeown