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Related papers: Bayesian Uncertainty Directed Trial Designs

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Equivariant models leverage prior knowledge on symmetries to improve predictive performance, but misspecified architectural constraints can harm it instead. While work has explored learning or relaxing constraints, selecting among…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Putri A. van der Linden , Alexander Timans , Dharmesh Tailor , Erik J. Bekkers

Bayesian experimental design (BED) is to answer the question that how to choose designs that maximize the information gathering. For implicit models, where the likelihood is intractable but sampling is possible, conventional BED methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-16 Jiaxin Zhang , Sirui Bi , Guannan Zhang

We study best-arm identification (BAI) in the fixed-budget setting. Adaptive allocations based on upper confidence bounds (UCBs), such as UCBE, are known to work well in BAI. However, it is well-known that its optimal regret is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-24 Rong J. B. Zhu , Yanqi Qiu

We propose a new parameter-adaptive uncertainty-penalized Bayesian information criterion (UBIC) to prioritize the parsimonious partial differential equation (PDE) that sufficiently governs noisy spatial-temporal observed data with few…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-31 Pongpisit Thanasutives , Takashi Morita , Masayuki Numao , Ken-ichi Fukui

Primarily motivated by the drug development process, several publications have now presented methodology for the design of multi-arm multi-stage experiments with normally distributed outcome variables of known variance. Here, we extend…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-12-04 Michael Grayling , James Wason , Adrian Mander

Image-based precision medicine aims to personalize treatment decisions based on an individual's unique imaging features so as to improve their clinical outcome. Machine learning frameworks that integrate uncertainty estimation as part of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-11 Joshua Durso-Finley , Jean-Pierre Falet , Raghav Mehta , Douglas L. Arnold , Nick Pawlowski , Tal Arbel

Adaptive experiments are used extensively in online platforms, healthcare and biotechnology, and a variety of other settings. In many of these applications, the main goal is not to precisely estimate a treatment effect, but to demonstrate…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-03-10 Guido Imbens , Lorenzo Masoero , Alexander Rakhlin , Thomas S. Richardson , Suhas Vijaykumar

Optimal design is a critical yet challenging task within many applications. This challenge arises from the need for extensive trial and error, often done through simulations or running field experiments. Fortunately, sequential optimal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Xubo Yue , Raed Al Kontar , Albert S. Berahas , Yang Liu , Blake N. Johnson

Medical research has evolved conventions for choosing sample size in randomized clinical trials that rest on the theory of hypothesis testing. Bayesians have argued that trials should be designed to maximize subjective expected utility in…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-12-11 Charles F. Manski , Aleksey Tetenov

Clinical trials usually involve sequential patient entry. When designing a clinical trial, it is often desirable to include a provision for interim analyses of accumulating data with the potential for stopping the trial early. We review…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-03-13 Tianjian Zhou , Yuan Ji

The process of calibrating computer models of natural phenomena is essential for applications in the physical sciences, where plenty of domain knowledge can be embedded into simulations and then calibrated against real observations. Current…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-20 Rafael Oliveira , Dino Sejdinovic , David Howard , Edwin V. Bonilla

We introduce Deep Adaptive Design (DAD), a method for amortizing the cost of adaptive Bayesian experimental design that allows experiments to be run in real-time. Traditional sequential Bayesian optimal experimental design approaches…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-06-14 Adam Foster , Desi R. Ivanova , Ilyas Malik , Tom Rainforth

We consider the sequential experimental design problem in the predict-then-optimize paradigm. In this paradigm, the outputs of the prediction model are used as coefficient vectors in a downstream linear optimization problem. Traditional…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-06 Beichen Wan , Mo Liu , Paul Grigas , Zuo-Jun Max Shen

Computer experiments are often performed to allow modeling of a response surface of a physical experiment that can be too costly or difficult to run except using a simulator. Running the experiment over a dense grid can be prohibitively…

Applications · Statistics 2009-05-25 Robert B. Gramacy , Herbert K. H. Lee

In developing products for rare diseases, statistical challenges arise due to the limited number of patients available for participation in drug trials and other clinical research. Bayesian adaptive clinical trial designs offer the…

Applications · Statistics 2019-09-19 Xiao Wu , Yi Xu , Bradley P. Carlin

The Bayesian Optimal Phase II (BOP2) framework is a flexible trial design that can naturally facilitate complex adaptations due to its Bayesian setting. BOP2 uses equal randomisation and equally placed interim analyses in its design, but it…

Applications · Statistics 2025-11-19 Connor Fitchett , Ayon Mukherjee , Sofía S. Villar , David S. Robertson

In recent years new cancer treatments improved survival in multiple histologies. Some of these therapeutics, and in particular treatment combinations, are often associated with severe treatment-related adverse events (AEs). It is therefore…

Applications · Statistics 2022-03-10 Steffen Ventz , Lorenzo Trippa

We study the design of experiments with multiple treatment levels, a setting common in clinical trials and online A/B/n testing. Unlike single-treatment studies, practical analyses of multi-treatment experiments typically first select a…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-10-07 Jiachen Xu , Jian Qian , Zijun Gao

We propose a novel adaptive design for clinical trials with time-to-event outcomes and covariates (which may consist of or include biomarkers). Our method is based on the expected entropy of the posterior distribution of a proportional…

Applications · Statistics 2016-03-29 James E. Barrett

The regression discontinuity (RD) design is a quasi-experimental design that estimates the causal effects of a treatment by exploiting naturally occurring treatment rules. It can be applied in any context where a particular treatment or…