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Objective Positron emission tomography (PET) allows imaging of patho-physiological information as a form of rate constants from a dynamic image. The rate constant image(s) may be affected from noise on the dynamic image. We introduced an…

Computed Tomography is one of the efficient and vital modalities of non-destructive techniques (NDT). Various factors influence the CT reconstruction result, including limited projection data, detector electronics optimization, background…

The deployment of artificial intelligence in medical imaging is hindered by high computational complexity and resource-intensive processing of volumetric data. Although chest computed tomography (CT) volumes offer richer diagnostic…

Open gantry C-arm systems that are placed within the interventional room enable 3-D imaging and guidance for stroke therapy without patient transfer. This can profit in drastically reduced time-totherapy, however, due to the interventional…

X-ray Computed Tomography (CT) is an important tool in medical imaging to obtain a direct visualization of patient anatomy. However, the x-ray radiation exposure leads to the concern of lifetime cancer risk. Low-dose CT scan can reduce the…

In photoacoustic computed tomography (PACT) with short-pulsed laser excitation, wideband acoustic signals are generated in biological tissues with frequencies related to the effective shapes and sizes of the optically absorbing targets.…

The purpose of this study is to correct the movement errors that may occur because of the patients' movement during the CT scanning and thus, to obtain more precise CT images, additionally to investigate the possible use of Parallel Beam CT…

Confounding pathology with normal anatomical variation remains a significant challenge in unsupervised medical-image anomaly detection, resulting in numerous false positives. To enhance integration of healthy variation, we augment the…

In coronary CT angiography, a series of CT images are taken at different levels of radiation dose during the examination. Although this reduces the total radiation dose, the image quality during the low-dose phases is significantly…

We consider the problem of signal reconstruction for computed tomography (CT) under a nonlinear forward model that accounts for exponential signal attenuation, a polychromatic X-ray source, general measurement noise (e.g., Poisson shot…

To efficiently establish training databases for machine learning methods, collaborative and crowdsourcing platforms have been investigated to collectively tackle the annotation effort. However, when this concept is ported to the medical…

Purpose: To apply a convolutional neural network (CNN) to develop a system that segments intensity calibration phantom regions in computed tomography (CT) images, and to test the system in a large cohort to evaluate its robustness. Methods:…

Background: Daily or weekly cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans are commonly used for accurate patient positioning during the image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT) process, making it an ideal option for adaptive radiotherapy (ART)…

Computational corrections of defocus and aberrations in optical coherence tomography (OCT) offers a promising approach to realize high-resolution imaging with deep imaging depth, but without additional high hardware costs. However, these…

Purpose: Digital phantoms are one of the key components of virtual imaging trials (VITs) that aim to assess and optimize new medical imaging systems and algorithms. However, these phantoms vary in their voxel resolution, appearance, and…

Purpose: The main purpose of this study was to assess the reliability of shape and heterogeneity features in both Positron Emission Tomography (PET) and low-dose Computed Tomography (CT) components of PET/CT. A secondary objective was to…

Contemporary interventional imaging lacks the real-time 3D guidance needed for the precise localization of mobile thoracic targets. While Cone-Beam CT (CBCT) provides 3D data, it is often too slow for dynamic motion tracking. Deep learning…

Verification of patient specific proton stopping powers obtained in the patient treatment position can be used to reduce the distal margins needed in particle beam planning. Proton radiography can be used as a pre-treatment instrument to…

We present the spatial clustering properties of 1466 X-ray selected AGN compiled from the Chandra CDF-N, CDF-S, eCDF-S, COSMOS and AEGIS fields in the 0.5-8 keV band. The X-ray sources span the redshift interval 0<z<3 and have a median…

Poor tissue visualization and quantitative accuracy in CBCT is a major barrier in expanding the role of CBCT imaging from target localization to quantitative treatment monitoring and plan adaptations in radiation therapy sessions. To…