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In radiotherapy, 2D orthogonally projected kV images are used for patient alignment when 3D-on-board imaging(OBI) unavailable. But tumor visibility is constrained due to the projection of patient's anatomy onto a 2D plane, potentially…
Purpose: Deformable image registration (DIR) is critical in adaptive radiation therapy (ART) to account for anatomical changes. Conventional intensity-based DIR methods often fail when image intensities differ. This study evaluates a hybrid…
Ultrasound computed tomography (USCT) is an emerging modality for breast imaging. Image reconstruction methods that incorporate accurate wave physics produce high resolution quantitative images of acoustic properties but are computationally…
Due to the energy-dependent nature of the attenuation coefficient and the polychromaticity of the X-ray source, beam hardening effect occurs when X-ray photons penetrate through an object, causing a nonlinear projection data. When a linear…
Background: Recently, the popularity of dual-layer flat-panel detector (DL-FPD) based dual-energy cone-beam CT (DE-CBCT) imaging has been increasing. However, the image quality of DE-CBCT remains constrained by the Compton scattered X-ray…
A crucial limitation of current high-resolution 3D photoacoustic tomography (PAT) devices that employ sequential scanning is their long acquisition time. In previous work, we demonstrated how to use compressed sensing techniques to improve…
Artifacts pose a significant challenge in medical imaging, impacting diagnostic accuracy and downstream analysis. While image-based approaches for detecting artifacts can be effective, they often rely on preprocessing methods that can lead…
Numerous image processing techniques (IPTs) have been employed to detect crack defects, offering an alternative to human-conducted onsite inspections. These IPTs manipulate images to extract defect features, particularly cracks in surfaces…
Artificial intelligence aids in brain tumor detection via MRI scans, enhancing the accuracy and reducing the workload of medical professionals. However, in scenarios with extremely limited medical images, traditional deep learning…
Noninvasive X-ray imaging of nanoscale three-dimensional objects, e.g. integrated circuits (ICs), generally requires two types of scanning: ptychographic, which is translational and returns estimates of complex electromagnetic field through…
Classical methods for X-ray computed tomography are based on the assumption that the X-ray source intensity is known, but in practice, the intensity is measured and hence uncertain. Under normal operating conditions, when the exposure time…
Non-common path quasi-static and differential aberrations are one of the big hurdles of direct imaging for current and future high-contrast imaging instruments. They increase speckle and photon noise thus reducing the achievable contrast…
The cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) provides 3D volumetric imaging of a target with low radiation dose and cost compared with conventional computed tomography, and it is widely used in the detection of paranasal sinus disease. However,…
Three-dimensional (3D) photoacoustic computed tomography (PACT) is a powerful noninvasive biomedical imaging modality that provides volumetric data for structural and functional assessment \textit{in vivo}. To maximize angular coverage and…
Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) is widely used in dental and maxillofacial imaging, but low-dose acquisition introduces strong, spatially varying noise that degrades soft-tissue visibility and obscures fine anatomical structures.…
While micro-CT systems are instrumental in preclinical research, clinical micro-CT imaging has long been desired with cochlear implantation as a primary example. The structural details of the cochlear implant and the temporal bone require a…
This study evaluates two approaches applied to computed tomography (CT) images of patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm: one deterministic, based on tools of Approximation Theory, and one based on Artificial Intelligence. Both aim to…
When a measurement falls outside the quantization or measurable range, it becomes saturated and cannot be used in classical reconstruction methods. For example, in C-arm angiography systems, which provide projection radiography,…
Jet installation causes jet noise to be amplified significantly at low frequencies and its physical mechanism must be understood to develop effective aircraft noise reduction strategies. A hybrid semi-empirical prediction model has recently…
Medical image analysis tasks often focus on regions or structures located in a particular location within the patient's body. Often large parts of the image may not be of interest for the image analysis task. When using deep-learning based…