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We consider the natural problem of learning a ReLU network from queries, which was recently remotivated by model extraction attacks. In this work, we present a polynomial-time algorithm that can learn a depth-two ReLU network from queries…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-07 Amit Daniely , Elad Granot

We present SiLU network constructions whose approximation efficiency depends critically on proper hyperparameter tuning. For the square function $x^2$, with optimally chosen shift $a$ and scale $\beta$, we achieve approximation error…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Koffi O. Ayena

We study the robust one-bit compressed sensing problem whose goal is to design an algorithm that faithfully recovers any sparse target vector $\theta_0\in\mathbb{R}^d$ \textit{uniformly} via $m$ quantized noisy measurements. Specifically,…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-08-25 Shuang Qiu , Xiaohan Wei , Zhuoran Yang

We study finite sample expressivity, i.e., memorization power of ReLU networks. Recent results require $N$ hidden nodes to memorize/interpolate arbitrary $N$ data points. In contrast, by exploiting depth, we show that 3-layer ReLU networks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-30 Chulhee Yun , Suvrit Sra , Ali Jadbabaie

Deep neural networks (DNNs), particularly those using Rectified Linear Unit (ReLU) activation functions, have achieved remarkable success across diverse machine learning tasks, including image recognition, audio processing, and language…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Emi Zeger , Mert Pilanci

In this paper, we study the loss landscape of one-hidden-layer neural networks with ReLU-like activation functions trained with the empirical squared loss using gradient descent (GD). We identify the stationary points of such networks,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Frank Zhengqing Wu , Berfin Simsek , Francois Gaston Ged

Activation functions influence behavior and performance of DNNs. Nonlinear activation functions, like Rectified Linear Units (ReLU), Exponential Linear Units (ELU) and Scaled Exponential Linear Units (SELU), outperform the linear…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2019-02-05 Alberto Marchisio , Muhammad Abdullah Hanif , Semeen Rehman , Maurizio Martina , Muhammad Shafique

The un-rectifying technique expresses a non-linear point-wise activation function as a data-dependent variable, which means that the activation variable along with its input and output can all be employed in optimization. The ReLU network…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-19 Wen-Liang Hwang , Shih-Shuo Tung

Understanding the properties of neural networks trained via stochastic gradient descent (SGD) is at the heart of the theory of deep learning. In this work, we take a mean-field view, and consider a two-layer ReLU network trained via SGD for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-02 Alexander Shevchenko , Vyacheslav Kungurtsev , Marco Mondelli

Anomaly detection is an important problem in many application areas, such as network security. Many deep learning methods for unsupervised anomaly detection produce good empirical performance but lack theoretical guarantees. By casting…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-09-16 Tian-Yi Zhou , Matthew Lau , Jizhou Chen , Wenke Lee , Xiaoming Huo

It is shown that over-parameterized neural networks can achieve minimax optimal rates of convergence (up to logarithmic factors) for learning functions from certain smooth function classes, if the weights are suitably constrained or…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-06-05 Yunfei Yang , Ding-Xuan Zhou

Real world data often exhibit low-dimensional geometric structures, and can be viewed as samples near a low-dimensional manifold. This paper studies nonparametric regression of H\"{o}lder functions on low-dimensional manifolds using deep…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-24 Minshuo Chen , Haoming Jiang , Wenjing Liao , Tuo Zhao

Neural networks can be trained to solve regression problems by using gradient-based methods to minimize the square loss. However, practitioners often prefer to reformulate regression as a classification problem, observing that training on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-02 Lawrence Stewart , Francis Bach , Quentin Berthet , Jean-Philippe Vert

We give the first dimension-efficient algorithms for learning Rectified Linear Units (ReLUs), which are functions of the form $\mathbf{x} \mapsto \max(0, \mathbf{w} \cdot \mathbf{x})$ with $\mathbf{w} \in \mathbb{S}^{n-1}$. Our algorithm…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-12-06 Surbhi Goel , Varun Kanade , Adam Klivans , Justin Thaler

The NP-hard problem of optimizing a shallow ReLU network can be characterized as a combinatorial search over each training example's activation pattern followed by a constrained convex problem given a fixed set of activation patterns. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-04 Michael Matena , Colin Raffel

Many modern neural network architectures are trained in an overparameterized regime where the parameters of the model exceed the size of the training dataset. Sufficiently overparameterized neural network architectures in principle have the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-14 Samet Oymak , Mahdi Soltanolkotabi

Although deep learning has shown its powerful performance in many applications, the mathematical principles behind neural networks are still mysterious. In this paper, we consider the problem of learning a one-hidden-layer neural network…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-17 Shuhao Xia , Yuanming Shi

Deep spiking neural networks (SNNs) offer the promise of low-power artificial intelligence. However, training deep SNNs from scratch or converting deep artificial neural networks to SNNs without loss of performance has been a challenge.…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-12-26 Ana Stanojevic , Stanisław Woźniak , Guillaume Bellec , Giovanni Cherubini , Angeliki Pantazi , Wulfram Gerstner

We present a theoretical and empirical study of the gradient dynamics of overparameterized shallow ReLU networks with one-dimensional input, solving least-squares interpolation. We show that the gradient dynamics of such networks are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-20 Francis Williams , Matthew Trager , Claudio Silva , Daniele Panozzo , Denis Zorin , Joan Bruna

ReLU activations are the main bottleneck in Private Inference that is based on ResNet networks. This is because they incur significant inference latency. Reducing ReLU count is a discrete optimization problem, and there are two common ways…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Vlad Rakhlin , Amir Jevnisek , Shai Avidan