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An electroencephalography (EEG) based Brain Computer Interface (BCI) enables people to communicate with the outside world by interpreting the EEG signals of their brains to interact with devices such as wheelchairs and intelligent robots.…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2017-09-27 Xiang Zhang , Lina Yao , Quan Z. Sheng , Salil S. Kanhere , Tao Gu , Dalin Zhang

Brain-computer interfaces (BCI) in electroencephalography (EEG)-based motor imagery classification offer promising solutions in neurorehabilitation and assistive technologies by enabling communication between the brain and external devices.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Ummay Maria Muna , Md. Mehedi Hasan Shawon , Md Jobayer , Sumaiya Akter , Saifur Rahman Sabuj

Electroencephalogram-based brain-computer interface (BCI) has potential applications in various fields, but their development is hindered by limited data and significant cross-individual variability. Inspired by the principles of learning…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-09-30 Junyan Li , Bin Hu , Zhi-Hong Guan

Classification of motor imagery (MI) using non-invasive electroencephalographic (EEG) signals is a critical objective as it is used to predict the intention of limb movements of a subject. In recent research, convolutional neural network…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Taveena Lotey , Prateek Keserwani , Debi Prosad Dogra , Partha Pratim Roy

Using Machine Learning and Deep Learning to predict cognitive tasks from electroencephalography (EEG) signals is a rapidly advancing field in Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCI). In contrast to the fields of computer vision and natural language…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-27 Guangyao Dou , Zheng Zhou , Xiaodong Qu

This paper proposes a strategy to handle missing data for the classification of electroencephalograms using covariance matrices. It relies on the observed-data likelihood within an expectation-maximization algorithm. This approach is…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-05-06 Alexandre Hippert-Ferrer , Ammar Mian , Florent Bouchard , Frédéric Pascal

Over the past decade, high-frequency oscillations (HFOs) have been studied as a promising biomarker for localizing epileptogenic areas in drug-resistant patients requiring pre-surgical intervention, while exploiting intracranial…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-24 Zayneb Sadek , Abir Hadriche , Rahma Maalej , Nawel Jmail

The bispectrum stands out as a revolutionary tool in frequency domain analysis, leaping the usual power spectrum by capturing crucial phase information between frequency components. In our innovative study, we have utilized the bispectrum…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-05 Sima Ghafoori , Ali Rabiee , Anna Cetera , Reza Abiri

Recently, visual perception (VP) and visual imagery (VI) paradigms are investigated in several brain-computer interface (BCI) studies. VP and VI are defined as a changing of brain signals when perceiving and memorizing visual information,…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2021-02-08 Ji-Seon Bang , Ji-Hoon Jeong , Dong-Ok Won

Brain-computer interface (BCI) builds a bridge between human brain and external devices by recording brain signals and translating them into commands for devices to perform the user's imagined action. The core of the BCI system is the…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-07-08 Jingyi Zheng , Huajun Huang , Yuyan Yi , Yuexin Li , Shu-Chin Lin

Brain-computer interface (BCI) aims to establish and improve human and computer interactions. There has been an increasing interest in designing new hardware devices to facilitate the collection of brain signals through various…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-19 Javad Rahimipour Anaraki , Jae Moon , Tom Chau

Motor Imagery-Based Brain-Computer Interfaces (MI-BCIs) are systems that detect and interpret brain activity patterns linked to the mental visualization of movement, and then translate these into instructions for controlling external…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-01 Dario Sanalitro , Marco Finocchiaro , Pasquale Memmolo , Emanuela Cutuli , Maide Bucolo

Motor imagery (MI) based brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) hold significant potential for assistive technologies and neurorehabilitation. However, the precise and efficient decoding of MI remains challenging due to their non-stationary…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Yi Wang , Haodong Zhang , Hongqi Li

Cross-subject variability in EEG degrades performance of current deep learning models, limiting the development of brain-computer interface (BCI). This paper proposes ISAM-MTL, which is a multi-task learning (MTL) EEG classification model…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-01-31 Junyan Li , Bin Hu , Zhi-Hong Guan

The introduction of deep learning and transfer learning techniques in fields such as computer vision allowed a leap forward in the accuracy of image classification tasks. Currently there is only limited use of such techniques in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-03 Axel Uran , Coert van Gemeren , Rosanne van Diepen , Ricardo Chavarriaga , José del R. Millán

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have become a powerful technique to decode EEG and have become the benchmark for motor imagery EEG Brain-Computer-Interface (BCI) decoding. However, it is still challenging to train CNNs on multiple…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-10 Xiaoxi Wei , Pablo Ortega , A. Aldo Faisal

A major issue in Motor Imagery Brain-Computer Interfaces (MI-BCIs) is their poor classification accuracy and the large amount of data that is required for subject-specific calibration. This makes BCIs less accessible to general users in…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-07-25 Maryam Alimardani , Steven Kocken , Nikki Leeuwis

Understanding the sleep quality and architecture is essential to human being's health, which is usually represented using multiple sleep stages. A standard sleep stage determination requires Electroencephalography (EEG) signals during the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-09-26 Yuezhou Zhang , Zhicheng Yang , Ke Lan , Xiaoli Liu , Zhengbo Zhang , Peiyao Li , Desen Cao , Jiewen Zheng , Jianli Pan

Accurate classification of brain tumors from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) plays a critical role in early diagnosis and effective treatment planning. In this study, we propose a deep learning framework based on Vision Transformers (ViT)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Faisal Ahmed

We propose a fusion approach that combines features from simultaneously recorded electroencephalographic (EEG) and magnetoencephalographic (MEG) signals to improve classification performances in motor imagery-based brain-computer interfaces…