This paper proposes a strategy to handle missing data for the classification of electroencephalograms using covariance matrices. It relies on the observed-data likelihood within an expectation-maximization algorithm. This approach is compared to two existing state-of-the-art methods: (i) covariance matrices computed with imputed data; (ii) Riemannian averages of partially observed covariance matrix. All approaches are combined with the minimum distance to Riemannian mean classifier and applied to a classification task of two widely known paradigms of brain-computer interfaces. In addition to be applicable for a wider range of missing data scenarios, the proposed strategy generally performs better than other methods on the considered real EEG data.
@article{arxiv.2110.10011,
title = {Riemannian classification of EEG signals with missing values},
author = {Alexandre Hippert-Ferrer and Ammar Mian and Florent Bouchard and Frédéric Pascal},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2110.10011},
year = {2022}
}