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Stein variational gradient descent (SVGD) is a prominent particle-based variational inference method used for sampling a target distribution. SVGD has attracted interest for application in machine-learning techniques such as Bayesian…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-26 Yuya Kawamura , Satoshi Takabe

In the Steiner Forest problem, we are given a graph and a collection of source-sink pairs, and the goal is to find a subgraph of minimum total length such that all pairs are connected. The problem is APX-Hard and can be 2-approximated by,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-07-11 Martin Groß , Anupam Gupta , Amit Kumar , Jannik Matuschke , Daniel R. Schmidt , Melanie Schmidt , José Verschae

Given a metric space on n points, an {\alpha}-approximate universal algorithm for the Steiner tree problem outputs a distribution over rooted spanning trees such that for any subset X of vertices containing the root, the expected cost of…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2010-11-18 Anand Bhalgat , Deeparnab Chakrabarty , Sanjeev Khanna

Given a connected graph $G$ and a terminal set $R \subseteq V(G)$, the minimum Steiner tree problem (ST) asks for a tree that spans all of $R$ with at most $r$ vertices from $V(G)\backslash R$, for some integer $r\geq 0$. A \emph{split…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Jyothish S , Sadagopan Narasimhan

The Belief Propagation approximation, or cavity method, has been recently applied to several combinatorial optimization problems in its zero-temperature implementation, the max-sum algorithm. In particular, recent developments to solve the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-01-04 Alfredo Braunstein , Anna Paola Muntoni

We study the parameterized complexity of the directed variant of the classical {\sc Steiner Tree} problem on various classes of directed sparse graphs. While the parameterized complexity of {\sc Steiner Tree} parameterized by the number of…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2012-10-02 Mark Jones , Daniel Lokshtanov , M. S. Ramanujan , Saket Saurabh , Ondřej Suchý

In this paper, we study weakly dynamic undirected graphs, that can be used to represent some logistic networks. The goal is to deliver all the delivery points in the network. The network exists in a mostly stable environment, except for a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-04-11 Moustafa Nakechbandi , Jean-Yves Colin , Hervé Mathieu

We consider the k-outconnected directed Steiner tree problem (k-DST). Given a directed edge-weighted graph $G=(V,E,w)$, where $V=\{r\}\cup S \cup T$, and an integer $k$, the goal is to find a minimum cost subgraph of $G$ in which there are…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-07-11 Sarel Cohen , Lior Kamma , Aikaterini Niklanovits

We study two problems that seek a subtree $T$ of a graph $G=(V,E)$ such that $T$ satisfies a certain property and has minimal maximum degree. - In the Min-Degree Group Steiner Tree problem we are given a collection ${\cal S}$ of groups…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-10-29 Guy Kortsarz , Zeev Nutov

The Stacker Crane Problem (SCP) is a variant of the Traveling Salesman Problem. In SCP, pairs of pickup and delivery points are designated on a graph, and a crane must visit these points to move objects from each pickup location to its…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Yike Chen , Ke Shi , Chao Xu

The Steiner tree problem is one of the classic and most fundamental $\mathcal{NP}$-hard problems: given an arbitrary weighted graph, seek a minimum-cost tree spanning a given subset of the vertices (terminals). Byrka \emph{et al}. proposed…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-11-02 Chi-Yeh Chen

We give a dynamic programming solution to find the minimum cost of a diameter constrained Steiner tree in case of directed graphs. Then we show a simple reduction from undirected version to the directed version to realize an algorithm of…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-10-20 Prashanth Amireddy , Chetan Sai Digumarthi

The \emph{Steiner tree} problem is one of the fundamental and classical problems in combinatorial optimization. In this paper, we study this problem in the $\mathcal{CONGESTED}$ $\mathcal{CLIQUE}$ model of distributed computing and present…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-07-31 Parikshit Saikia , Sushanta Karmakar

Considering a graph with unknown weights, can we find the shortest path for a pair of nodes if we know the minimal Steiner trees associated with some subset of nodes? That is, with respect to a fixed latent decision-making system (e.g., a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Guangmo Tong , Peng Zhao , Mina Samizadeh

In this paper we study the Steiner tree problem over a dynamic set of terminals. We consider the model where we are given an $n$-vertex graph $G=(V,E,w)$ with positive real edge weights, and our goal is to maintain a tree which is a good…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-06-27 Jakub Łącki , Jakub Oćwieja , Marcin Pilipczuk , Piotr Sankowski , Anna Zych

Graph packing problem is one of the central problems in graph theory and combinatorial optimization. The famous Steiner tree packing problem in undirected graphs has become an well-established area. It is natural to extend this problem to…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-05-19 Yuefang Sun

The Euclidean Steiner tree problem, normally posed in two dimensions, seeks to connect a set of prescribed terminal nodes by placing additional nodes, known as Steiner points, with edges connecting such nodes either to another Steiner point…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-24 Manou Rosenberg , Mengbin Ye , Brian D. O. Anderson

The Prize-Collecting Steiner Tree (PCST) problem is a generalization of the Steiner Tree problem that has applications in network design, content distribution networks, and many more. There are a few centralized approximation algorithms…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2018-02-21 Parikshit Saikia , Sushanta Karmakar , Aris T. Pagourtzis

Recently the authors [CCLMST23] introduced the notion of shortcut partition of planar graphs and obtained several results from the partition, including a tree cover with $O(1)$ trees for planar metrics and an additive embedding into small…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-09-14 Hsien-Chih Chang , Jonathan Conroy , Hung Le , Lazar Milenkovic , Shay Solomon , Cuong Than

In this paper we design and prove correct a fully dynamic distributed algorithm for maintaining an approximate Steiner tree that connects via a minimum-weight spanning tree a subset of nodes of a network (referred as Steiner members or…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2015-05-13 Lélia Blin , Maria Gradinariu Potop-Butucaru , Stephane Rovedakis