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We show generically that the dynamics of a probe particle near the event horizon of a non-extreme black hole is described by the tachyon effective action. The Hagedorn temperature in the action is always equal to the Hawking temperature of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-09-25 Huiquan Li

In this work, we explore the thermodynamics of black holes using the Gouy-Stodola theorem, traditionally applied to mechanical systems relating entropy production to the difference between reversible and irreversible work. We model black…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-02-25 S. D. Campos , R. H. Longaresi

We study a self-consistent solution of the semi-classical Einstein equation including the back reaction from the Hawking radiation. Our geometry is constructed by connecting flat space and the outgoing Vaidya metric at the locus of the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-04 Hikaru Kawai , Yoshinori Matsuo , Yuki Yokokura

In this essay we argue that once quantum gravitational effects change the classical geometry of a black hole and remove the curvature singularity, the black hole would not evaporate entirely but approach a remnant. In a modified…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-16 Li Xiang , Yi Ling , You Gen Shen

According to Bekenstein's area law, the black hole entropy is identified holographically -- with one quarter of the horizon area. However, it is commonly believed that such a law is only valid in Einstein's theory and that higher curvature…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-09-23 David Kubizňák , Marek Liška

The Bekenstein-Hawking formula relates the black hole entropy and horizon area. Semiclassical entropy computations have relied on an action principle that fixes a gauge dependent and classically unobservable boundary three-geometry and…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-11-28 Thomas C. Bachlechner

Noether's theorem identifies fundamental conserved quantities, called Noether charges, from a Hamiltonian. To-date Noether charges remain largely elusive within theories of gravity: We do not know how to directly measure them, and their…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-06-01 Zhi-Wei Wang , Samuel L. Braunstein

Path integral methods are used to derive a general expression for the entropy of a black hole in a diffeomorphism invariant theory. The result, which depends on the variational derivative of the Lagrangian with respect to the Riemann…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-28 David Brown

As quotient spaces, Minkowski and de Sitter are fundamental spacetimes in the sense that they are known "a priori", independently of Einstein equation. They represent different non-gravitational backgrounds for the construction of physical…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-08-18 A. Araujo , J. G. Pereira

The fundamental equation of the thermodynamic system gives the relation between internal energy, entropy and volume of two adjacent equilibrium states. Taking higher dimensional charged Gauss-Bonnet black hole in de Sitter space as a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-12-09 Xiong-Ying Guo , Huai-Fan Li , Li-Chun Zhang

We express the Noether charge entropy density of a black brane in anti-deSitter space in terms of local operators in the anti-deSitter space bulk. We find that Wald's expression for the Noether charge entropy needs to be modified away from…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2010-12-14 Ram Brustein , Dan Gorbonos

In this work we derive a generalized Newtonian gravitational force and show that it can account for the anomalous galactic rotation curves. We derive the entropy-area relationship applying the Feynman-Hibbs procedure to the supersymmetric…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-02-26 I. Díaz-Saldaña , J. C. López-Domínguez , M. Sabido

A modified version of the Reissner-Nordstrom metric is proposed on the grounds of the nonlinear electrodynamics model. The source of curvature is an anisotropic fluid with $p_{r} = -\rho$ which resembles the Maxwell stress tensor at $r >>…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-11-02 Hristu Culetu

In Einstein equations we represent the energy-momentum tensor as the one ($T^{\mu\nu}$ ) of a fluid plus the cosmological term. We consider time-dependent Newton ``constant" $G$, the cosmological term $\Lambda$ and non-conserved…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-03-02 Julia Haba , Zbigniew Haba

We represent a new approach to exploring the thermodynamic topology of black holes, without introducing the nonphysical variable $\Theta\in[0,\pi]$ considered in previous studies, where black holes can exchange both energy and matter with…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-10-29 Cao H. Nam

I argue that black hole entropy counts only those states of a black hole that can influence the outside, and attempt (with only partial success) to defend this claim against various objections, all but one coming from string theory.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-31 Ted Jacobson

In gravitational thermodynamics, the origin of a black hole's entropy is the topology of its instanton or constrained instanton. We prove that the entropy of an arbitrary nonrotating black hole is one quarter the sum of the products of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Zhong Chao Wu

We make some observations regarding string/black hole correspondence with a view to understanding the nature of the quantum degrees of freedom of a black hole in string theory. In particular, we compare entropy change in analogous string…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-31 Ramzi R. Khuri

Recently it was proposed to explain the dynamical origin of the entropy of a black hole by identifying its dynamical degrees of freedom with states of quantum fields propagating in the black-hole's interior. The present paper contains the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-04-18 A. O. Barvinsky , V. P. Frolov , A. I. Zelnikov

We argue that the equations of motion of quantum field theories in curved backgrounds encode new fundamental black hole thermodynamic relations. We define new entropy variation relations. These `emerge' through the monodromies that capture…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-07-28 Alex Chanson , Jacob Ciafre , Maria J. Rodriguez