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In their 2006 seminal paper in Distributed Computing, Angluin et al. present a construction that, given any Presburger predicate as input, outputs a leaderless population protocol that decides the predicate. The protocol for a predicate of…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Philipp Czerner , Roland Guttenberg , Martin Helfrich , Javier Esparza

The standard population protocol model assumes that when two agents interact, each observes the entire state of the other agent. We initiate the study of $\textit{message complexity}$ for population protocols, where the state of an agent is…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-12-16 Talley Amir , James Aspnes , David Doty , Mahsa Eftekhari , Eric Severson

The population protocol model was introduced by Angluin \emph{et al.} as a model of passively mobile anonymous finite-state agents. This model computes a predicate on the multiset of their inputs via interactions by pairs. The original…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2016-02-12 Olivier Bournez , Johanne Cohen , Mikaël Rabie

We consider the problem of electing a leader among nodes in a highly dynamic network where the adversary has unbounded capacity to insert and remove nodes (including the leader) from the network and change connectivity at will. We present a…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2013-10-21 John Augustine , Tejas Kulkarni , Paresh Nakhe , Peter Robinson

Population protocols are a distributed computation model in which a collection of anonymous, finite-state agents interact in randomly chosen pairs and update their states according to a fixed transition function. The computation is defined…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Michael Blondin , Michaël Cadilhac , Benjamin Courchesne , Lucie Guillou , Corto Mascle , Isa Vialard

We study exact majority consensus in the population protocol model. In this model, the system is described by a graph $G = (V,E)$ with $n$ nodes, and in each time step, a scheduler samples uniformly at random a pair of adjacent nodes to…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Joel Rybicki , Jakob Solnerzik , Olivier Stietel , Robin Vacus

We present distributed randomized leader election protocols for multi-hop radio networks that elect a leader in almost the same time $T_{BC}$ required for broadcasting a message. For the setting without collision detection, our algorithm…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2014-04-04 Mohsen Ghaffari , Bernhard Haeupler

We study the message complexity of leader election in synchronous networks of diameter two. Our main contribution is a refined analysis of the randomized algorithm proposed by Chatterjee et al. [DC, 2020]. In their work, the authors…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Abhijit Sadhukhan , Adri Bhattacharya , Anisur Rahaman Molla

We revisit the majority problem in the population protocol communication model, as first studied by Angluin et al. (Distributed Computing 2008). We consider a more general version of this problem known as plurality consensus, which has…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Antoine El-Hayek , Robert Elsässer , Stefan Schmid

This paper focuses on compact deterministic self-stabilizing solutions for the leader election problem. When the protocol is required to be \emph{silent} (i.e., when communication content remains fixed from some point in time during any…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2014-01-21 Lélia Blin , Sébastien Tixeuil

The {\em parallel time} of a population protocol is defined as the average number of required interactions that an agent in the protocol participates, i.e., the quotient between the total number of interactions required by the protocol and…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-08-27 Artur Czumaj , Andrzej Lingas

For nearly two decades, population protocols have been extensively studied, yielding efficient solutions for central problems in distributed computing, including leader election, and majority computation, a predicate type in Presburger…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Leszek Gąsieniec , Tytus Grodzicki , Tomasz Jurdziński , Jakub Kowalski , Grzegorz Stachowiak

Leader election is one of the fundamental and well-studied problems in distributed computing. In this paper, we initiate the study of leader election using mobile agents. Suppose $n$ agents are positioned initially arbitrarily on the nodes…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Ajay D. Kshemkalyani , Manish Kumar , Anisur Rahaman Molla , Gokarna Sharma

Population protocols are a class of algorithms for modeling distributed computation in networks of finite-state agents communicating through pairwise interactions. Their suitability for analyzing numerous chemical processes has motivated…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-04-04 Talley Amir , James Aspnes , John Lazarsfeld

We investigate space-time trade-offs for population protocols in sparse interaction graphs. In complete interaction graphs, optimal space-time trade-offs are known for the leader election and exact majority problems. However, it has…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Joel Rybicki , Jakob Solnerzik , Robin Vacus

A {\em leader election} algorithm is an elimination process that divides recursively into tow subgroups an initial group of n items, eliminates one subgroup and continues the procedure until a subgroup is of size 1. In this paper the biased…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Hanene Mohamed

We present fast deterministic distributed protocols in synchronous networks for leader election and spanning tree construction. The protocols are designed under the assumption that nodes in a network have identifiers but the size of an…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2016-05-04 I. M. Khuziev , M. N. Vyalyi

We introduce a new coordination problem in distributed computing that we call the population stability problem. A system of agents each with limited memory and communication, as well as the ability to replicate and self-destruct, is…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2018-03-09 Shafi Goldwasser , Rafail Ostrovsky , Alessandra Scafuro , Adam Sealfon

We study a game theoretic model where a coalition of processors might collude to bias the outcome of the protocol, where we assume that the processors always prefer any legitimate outcome over a non-legitimate one. We show that the problems…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2018-05-16 Assaf Yifrach , Yishay Mansour

We consider the energy complexity of the leader election problem in the single-hop radio network model, where each device has a unique identifier in $\{1, 2, \ldots, N\}$. Energy is a scarce resource for small battery-powered devices. For…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-11-15 Yi-Jun Chang , Ran Duan , Shunhua Jiang