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In Machine Translation, assessing the quality of a large amount of automatic translations can be challenging. Automatic metrics are not reliable when it comes to high performing systems. In addition, resorting to human evaluators can be…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-31 Vânia Mendonça , Ricardo Rei , Luisa Coheur , Alberto Sardinha , Ana Lúcia Santos

This study aimed to develop and validate two scales of engagement and rapport to evaluate the user experience quality with multimodal dialogue systems in the context of foreign language learning. The scales were designed based on theories…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Fuma Kurata , Mao Saeki , Masaki Eguchi , Shungo Suzuki , Hiroaki Takatsu , Yoichi Matsuyama

Social media is daily creating massive multimedia content with paired image and text, presenting the pressing need to automate the vision and language understanding for various multimodal classification tasks. Compared to the commonly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-28 Chunpu Xu , Jing Li

Language models based on the Transformer architecture achieve excellent results in many language-related tasks, such as text classification or sentiment analysis. However, despite the architecture of these models being well-defined, little…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-14 Miguel López-Otal , Jorge Gracia , Jordi Bernad , Carlos Bobed , Lucía Pitarch-Ballesteros , Emma Anglés-Herrero

Data collection purposes and their descriptions are presented on almost all privacy notices under the GDPR, yet there is a lack of research focusing on how effective they are at informing users about data practices. We fill this gap by…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-02-07 Lin Kyi , Abraham Mhaidli , Cristiana Santos , Franziska Roesner , Asia Biega

Wikipedia is a critical source of information for millions of users across the Web. It serves as a key resource for large language models, search engines, question-answering systems, and other Web-based applications. In Wikipedia, content…

Retrieval of previously fact-checked claims is a well-established task, whose automation can assist professional fact-checkers in the initial steps of information verification. Previous works have mostly tackled the task monolingually,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Alan Ramponi , Marco Rovera , Robert Moro , Sara Tonelli

People often answer yes-no questions without explicitly saying yes, no, or similar polar keywords. Figuring out the meaning of indirect answers is challenging, even for large language models. In this paper, we investigate this problem…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-26 Zijie Wang , Farzana Rashid , Eduardo Blanco

Natural language processing (NLP) tasks (e.g. question-answering in English) benefit from knowledge of other tasks (e.g. named entity recognition in English) and knowledge of other languages (e.g. question-answering in Spanish). Such shared…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-23 Ishan Tarunesh , Sushil Khyalia , Vishwajeet Kumar , Ganesh Ramakrishnan , Preethi Jyothi

This study explores how recent large language models (LLMs) navigate relative clause attachment {ambiguity} and use world knowledge biases for disambiguation in six typologically diverse languages: English, Chinese, Japanese, Korean,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-24 So Young Lee , Russell Scheinberg , Amber Shore , Ameeta Agrawal

Previous multilingual benchmarks focus primarily on simple understanding tasks, but for large language models(LLMs), we emphasize proficiency in instruction following, reasoning, long context understanding, code generation, and so on.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Xu Huang , Wenhao Zhu , Hanxu Hu , Conghui He , Lei Li , Shujian Huang , Fei Yuan

Sentiment analysis of reviews is a popular task in natural language processing. In this work, the goal is to predict the score of food reviews on a scale of 1 to 5 with two recurrent neural networks that are carefully tuned. As for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-09-08 Hua Feng , Ruixi Lin

The understanding of context and context-awareness is very important for the areas of handheld and ubiquitous computing. Unfortunately, at present, there has not been a satisfactory definition of these two concepts that would lead to a more…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2008-01-08 George Tsibidis , Theodoros N. Arvanitis , Chris Baber

Language barriers in virtual meetings remain a persistent challenge to global collaboration. Real-time translation offers promise, yet current integrations often neglect perceptual cues. This study investigates how spatial audio rendering…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Margarita Geleta , Hong Sodoma , Hannes Gamper

Existing benchmarks often fail to account for linguistic diversity, like language variants of English. In this paper, we share our experiences from our ongoing project of building a sentiment classification benchmark for three variants of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-14 Dipankar Srirag , Jordan Painter , Aditya Joshi , Diptesh Kanojia

We present SemanticQA, an evaluation suite designed to assess language models (LMs) in semantic phrase processing tasks. The benchmark consolidates existing multiword expression (MwE) resources and reorganizes them into a unified testbed.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Yang Liu , Hongming Li , Melissa Xiaohui Qin , Qiankun Liu , Chao Huang

Results reported in large-scale multilingual evaluations are often fragmented and confounded by factors such as target languages, differences in experimental setups, and model choices. We propose a framework that disentangles these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Songbo Hu , Ivan Vulić , Anna Korhonen

Clear legal language forms the backbone of a contract for numerous reasons. Disputes often arise between contract parties where ambiguous language has been used and parties often disagree on the meaning or effect of the words. Unambiguous…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Emily Chivers , Shawn Curran

While multilingual language models (MLMs) have been trained on 100+ languages, they are typically only evaluated across a handful of them due to a lack of available test data in most languages. This is particularly problematic when…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Rochelle Choenni , Sara Rajaee , Christof Monz , Ekaterina Shutova

Thanks to the development of the Semantic Web, a lot of new structured data has become available on the Web in the form of knowledge bases (KBs). Making this valuable data accessible and usable for end-users is one of the main goals of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-03-05 Dennis Diefenbach , Andreas Both , Kamal Singh , Pierre Maret
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