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Modeling the strategic behavior of agents in a real-world multi-agent system using existing state-of-the-art computational game-theoretic tools can be a daunting task, especially when only the actions taken by the agents can be observed.…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-01-20 Boshen Wang , Luis E. Ortiz

AI agents -- systems that combine foundation models with reasoning, planning, memory, and tool use -- are rapidly becoming a practical interface between natural-language intent and real-world computation. This survey synthesizes the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Bin Xu

This paper studies algorithmic decision-making under human's strategic behavior, where a decision maker uses an algorithm to make decisions about human agents, and the latter with information about the algorithm may exert effort…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-09-16 Tian Xie , Xuwei Tan , Xueru Zhang

The strategic selection of resources by selfish agents is a classic research direction, with Resource Selection Games and Congestion Games as prominent examples. In these games, agents select available resources and their utility then…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-06-14 Jonathan Gadea Harder , Simon Krogmann , Pascal Lenzner , Alexander Skopalik

Recent superhuman results in games have largely been achieved in a variety of zero-sum settings, such as Go and Poker, in which agents need to compete against others. However, just like humans, real-world AI systems have to coordinate and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-12-06 Adam Lerer , Hengyuan Hu , Jakob Foerster , Noam Brown

Neural network supported tree-search has shown strong results in a variety of perfect information multi-agent tasks. However, the performance of these methods on partial information games has generally been below competing approaches. Here…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Ryan Yu , Alex Olshevsky , Peter Chin

AI research agents are demonstrating great potential to accelerate scientific progress by automating the design, implementation, and training of machine learning models. We focus on methods for improving agents' performance on MLE-bench, a…

Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated their potential as autonomous agents across various tasks. One emerging application is the use of LLMs in playing games. In this work, we explore a practical problem for the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Chang Xiao , Brenda Z. Yang

The rapid rise of large language models (LLMs) has shifted artificial intelligence (AI) research toward agentic systems, motivating the use of weaker and more flexible notions of agency. However, this shift raises key questions about the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Vince Trencsenyi , Agnieszka Mensfelt , Kostas Stathis

Evaluating AI agents on comprehensive benchmarks is expensive because each evaluation requires interactive rollouts with tool use and multi-step reasoning. We study whether small task subsets can preserve agent rankings at substantially…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Franck Ndzomga

Generalization poses a significant challenge in Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL). The extent to which an agent is influenced by unseen co-players depends on the agent's policy and the specific scenario. A quantitative examination…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2023-10-12 Yuxin Chen , Chen Tang , Ran Tian , Chenran Li , Jinning Li , Masayoshi Tomizuka , Wei Zhan

Monte-Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) is a family of sampling-based search algorithms widely used for online planning in sequential decision-making domains and at the heart of many recent advances in artificial intelligence. Understanding the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Yiyu Qian , Tim Miller , Zheng Qian , Liyuan Zhao

Multiplayer games have long been used as testbeds in artificial intelligence research, aptly referred to as the Drosophila of artificial intelligence. Traditionally, researchers have focused on using well-known games to build strong agents.…

This paper is concerned with evaluating different multiagent learning (MAL) algorithms in problems where individual agents may be heterogenous, in the sense of utilizing different learning strategies, without the opportunity for prior…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2019-07-23 Stefano V. Albrecht , Subramanian Ramamoorthy

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong reasoning, planning, and communication abilities, enabling them to operate as autonomous agents in open environments. While single-agent systems remain limited in adaptability and…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Jianing Hao , Han Ding , Yuanjian Xu , Tianze Sun , Ran Chen , Wanbo Zhang , Guang Zhang , Siguang Li

Underlying relationships among Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) in hazardous scenarios can be represented as Game-theoretic models. This paper proposes a new hierarchical network-based model called Game-theoretic Utility Tree (GUT), which…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2023-03-30 Qin Yang , Ramviyas Parasuraman

The game industry is challenged to cope with increasing growth in demand and game complexity while maintaining acceptable quality standards for released games. Classic approaches solely depending on human efforts for quality assurance and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Sherif Abdelfattah , Adrian Brown , Pushi Zhang

Rating strategies in a game is an important area of research in game theory and artificial intelligence, and can be applied to any real-world competitive or cooperative setting. Traditionally, only transitive dependencies between strategies…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-10-06 Luke Marris , Marc Lanctot , Ian Gemp , Shayegan Omidshafiei , Stephen McAleer , Jerome Connor , Karl Tuyls , Thore Graepel

As machine learning algorithms increasingly influence critical decision making in different application areas, understanding human strategic behavior in response to these systems becomes vital. We explore individuals' choice between…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Sura Alhanouti , Parinaz Naghizadeh

Large language models have demonstrated remarkable few-shot performance on many natural language understanding tasks. Despite several demonstrations of using large language models in complex, strategic scenarios, there lacks a comprehensive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Anthony Costarelli , Mat Allen , Roman Hauksson , Grace Sodunke , Suhas Hariharan , Carlson Cheng , Wenjie Li , Joshua Clymer , Arjun Yadav