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Missing data is a ubiquitous problem. It is especially challenging in medical settings because many streams of measurements are collected at different - and often irregular - times. Accurate estimation of those missing measurements is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-11-27 Jinsung Yoon , William R. Zame , Mihaela van der Schaar

We present a method for incorporating missing data in non-parametric statistical learning without the need for imputation. We focus on a tree-based method, Bayesian Additive Regression Trees (BART), enhanced with "Missingness Incorporated…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2014-02-14 Adam Kapelner , Justin Bleich

Multivariate time series data in practical applications, such as health care, geoscience, and biology, are characterized by a variety of missing values. In time series prediction and other related tasks, it has been noted that missing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-11-08 Zhengping Che , Sanjay Purushotham , Kyunghyun Cho , David Sontag , Yan Liu

Multivariate time series (MTS) imputation is a widely studied problem in recent years. Existing methods can be divided into two main groups, including (1) deep recurrent or generative models that primarily focus on time series features, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-27 Dingsu Wang , Yuchen Yan , Ruizhong Qiu , Yada Zhu , Kaiyu Guan , Andrew J Margenot , Hanghang Tong

Healthcare data frequently contain a substantial proportion of missing values, necessitating effective time series imputation to support downstream disease diagnosis tasks. However, existing imputation methods focus on discrete data points…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Mengxuan Li , Ke Liu , Jialong Guo , Jiajun Bu , Hongwei Wang , Haishuai Wang

Missing data can significantly hamper standard time series analysis, yet they occur frequently in applications. In this paper, we introduce temporal Wasserstein imputation, a novel method for imputing missing data in time series. Unlike…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-08-15 Shuo-Chieh Huang , Tengyuan Liang , Ruey S. Tsay

Missing values are common in real-world time series, and multivariate time series forecasting with missing values (MTSF-M) has become a crucial area of research for ensuring reliable predictions. To address the challenge of missing data,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Jie Yang , Yifan Hu , Kexin Zhang , Luyang Niu , Philip S. Yu , Kaize Ding

Healthcare time series data is vital for monitoring patient activity but often contains noise and missing values due to various reasons such as sensor errors or data interruptions. Imputation, i.e., filling in the missing values, is a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Lien P. Le , Xuan-Hien Nguyen Thi , Thu Nguyen , Michael A. Riegler , Pål Halvorsen , Binh T. Nguyen

Time series imputation, i.e., filling the missing values of a time recording, finds various applications in electricity, finance, and weather modelling. Previous methods have introduced generative models such as diffusion probabilistic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-01 YuYang Miao , Chang Li , Zehua Chen

Multivariate time series data suffer from the problem of missing values, which hinders the application of many analytical methods. To achieve the accurate imputation of these missing values, exploiting inter-correlation by employing the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Kohei Obata , Koki Kawabata , Yasuko Matsubara , Yasushi Sakurai

Time series analysis is widely used in many fields such as power energy, economics, and transportation, including different tasks such as forecasting, anomaly detection, classification, etc. Missing values are widely observed in these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Zhixian Wang , Linxiao Yang , Liang Sun , Qingsong Wen , Yi Wang

Time series imputation is one of the most challenge problems and has broad applications in various fields like health care and the Internet of Things. Existing methods mainly aim to model the temporally latent dependencies and the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Ruichu Cai , Kaitao Zheng , Junxian Huang , Zijian Li , Zhengming Chen , Boyan Xu , Zhifeng Hao

Clinical measurements that can be represented as time series constitute an important fraction of the electronic health records and are often both uncertain and incomplete. Recurrent neural networks are a special class of neural networks…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2017-11-20 Andreas Storvik Strauman , Filippo Maria Bianchi , Karl Øyvind Mikalsen , Michael Kampffmeyer , Cristina Soguero-Ruiz , Robert Jenssen

Electronic health records (EHR) consist of longitudinal clinical observations portrayed with sparsity, irregularity, and high-dimensionality, which become major obstacles in drawing reliable downstream clinical outcomes. Although there…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-17 Ahmad Wisnu Mulyadi , Eunji Jun , Heung-Il Suk

Several interpretability methods for convolutional network-based classifiers exist. Most of these methods focus on extracting saliency maps for a given sample, providing a local explanation that highlights the main regions for the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Alejandro Kuratomi , Zed Lee , Guilherme Dinis Chaliane Junior , Tony Lindgren , Diego García Pérez

In many machine learning applications, we are faced with incomplete datasets. In the literature, missing data imputation techniques have been mostly concerned with filling missing values. However, the existence of missing values is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-07 Mohammad Kachuee , Kimmo Karkkainen , Orpaz Goldstein , Sajad Darabi , Majid Sarrafzadeh

Missing values in multivariate time series data can harm machine learning performance and introduce bias. These gaps arise from sensor malfunctions, blackouts, and human error and are typically addressed by data imputation. Previous work…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Mohammad Rafid Ul Islam , Prasad Tadepalli , Alan Fern

Urban time series, such as mobility flows, energy consumption, and pollution records, encapsulate complex urban dynamics and structures. However, data collection in each city is impeded by technical challenges such as budget limitations and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Tong Nie , Wei Ma , Jian Sun , Yu Yang , Jiannong Cao

Missing data is a major challenge in clinical research. In electronic medical records, often a large fraction of the values in laboratory tests and vital signs are missing. The missingness can lead to biased estimates and limit our ability…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-18 Omer Noy , Ron Shamir

Time series prediction with missing values is an important problem of time series analysis since complete data is usually hard to obtain in many real-world applications. To model the generation of time series, autoregressive (AR) model is a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-08-28 Xi Chen , Hongzhi Wang , Yanjie Wei , Jianzhong Li , Hong Gao