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The Fiedler value $\lambda_2$, also known as algebraic connectivity, is the second smallest Laplacian eigenvalue of a graph. We study the maximum Fiedler value among all planar graphs $G$ with $n$ vertices, denoted by $\lambda_{2\max}$, and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-07-21 Lali Barrière , Clemens Huemer , Dieter Mitsche , David Orden

The celebrated Andr\'{a}sfai--Erd\H{o}s--S\'{o}s Theorem from 1974 shows that every $n$-vertex triangle-free graph with minimum degree greater than $2n/5$ must be bipartite. Its extensions to $3$-uniform hypergraphs without the generalized…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-11-01 Xizhi Liu , Sijie Ren , Jian Wang

A construction of Alon and Krivelevich gives highly pseudorandom $K_k$-free graphs on $n$ vertices with edge density equal to $\Theta(n^{-1/(k -2)})$. In this short note we improve their result by constructing an infinite family of highly…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-01-10 Anurag Bishnoi , Ferdinand Ihringer , Valentina Pepe

A triangle decomposition of a graph $G$ is a partition of the edges of $G$ into triangles. Two necessary conditions for $G$ to admit such a decomposition are that $|E(G)|$ is a multiple of three and that the degree of any vertex in $G$ is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-12-14 Kim Nguyen Pham , Landon Settle , Kayla Wright , Padraic Bartlett

Let $G$ be an $n$-vertex graph, where $\delta(G) \geq \delta n$ for some $\delta := \delta(n)$. A result of Bohman, Frieze and Martin from 2003 asserts that if $\alpha(G) = O \left(\delta^2 n \right)$, then perturbing $G$ via the addition…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-06-27 Elad Aigner-Horev , Dan Hefetz , Michael Krivelevich

Jiang, Tidor, Yao, Zhang, and Zhao recently showed that connected bounded degree graphs have sublinear second eigenvalue multiplicity (always referring to the adjacency matrix). This result was a key step in the solution to the problem of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-02-23 Milan Haiman , Carl Schildkraut , Shengtong Zhang , Yufei Zhao

A variety of powerful extremal results have been shown for the chromatic number of triangle-free graphs. Three noteworthy bounds are in terms of the number of vertices, edges, and maximum degree given by Poljak \& Tuza (1994), and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-10-13 David G. Harris

We show that for any constant $\Delta \ge 2$, there exists a graph $G$ with $O(n^{\Delta / 2})$ vertices which contains every $n$-vertex graph with maximum degree $\Delta$ as an induced subgraph. For odd $\Delta$ this significantly improves…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-02-20 Noga Alon , Rajko Nenadov

Let $G$ be a triangle-free graph with $n$ vertices and average degree $t$. We show that $G$ contains at least \[ e^{(1-n^{-1/12})\frac{1}{2}\frac{n}{t}\ln t (\frac{1}{2}\ln t-1)} \] independent sets. This improves a recent result of the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-02-20 Jeff Cooper , Kunal Dutta , Dhruv Mubayi

We prove that any $n$-vertex graph whose complement is triangle-free contains $n^2/12-o(n^2)$ edge-disjoint triangles. This is tight for the disjoint union of two cliques of order $n/2$. We also prove a corresponding stability theorem, that…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-01-27 Mykhaylo Tyomkyn

We study the eigenvalues of the unique connected anti-regular graph $A_n$. Using Chebyshev polynomials of the second kind, we obtain a trigonometric equation whose roots are the eigenvalues and perform elementary analysis to obtain an…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-12-11 Cesar O. Aguilar , Joon-yeob Lee , Eric Piato , Barbara J. Schweitzer

We study quantitative relationships between the triangle removal lemma and several of its variants. One such variant, which we call the triangle-free lemma, states that for each $\epsilon>0$ there exists $M$ such that every triangle-free…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-01-17 Jacob Fox , Yufei Zhao

Let $H_n$ be a graph on $n$ vertices and let $\ber{H_n}$ denote the complement of $H_n$. Suppose that $\Delta = \Delta(n)$ is the maximum degree of $\ber{H_n}$. We analyse three algorithms for sampling $d$-regular subgraphs ($d$-factors) of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-10-25 Pu Gao , Catherine Greenhill

Every triangle-free planar graph on n vertices has an independent set of size at least (n+1)/3, and this lower bound is tight. We give an algorithm that, given a triangle-free planar graph G on n vertices and an integer k>=0, decides…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2014-09-23 Zdenek Dvorak , Matthias Mnich

Recently, settling a question of Erd\H{o}s, Balogh and Pet\v{r}\'{i}\v{c}kov\'{a} showed that there are at most $2^{n^2/8+o(n^2)}$ $n$-vertex maximal triangle-free graphs, matching the previously known lower bound. Here we characterize the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-08-07 József Balogh , Hong Liu , Šárka Petříčková , Maryam Sharifzadeh

We study $2k$-factors in $(2r+1)$-regular graphs. Hanson, Loten, and Toft proved that every $(2r+1)$-regular graph with at most $2r$ cut-edges has a $2$-factor. We generalize their result by proving for $k\le(2r+1)/3$ that every…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-06-15 Alexander V. Kostochka , André Raspaud , Bjarne Toft , Douglas B. West , Dara Zirlin

It is well known that spectral Tur\'{a}n type problem is one of the most classical {problems} in graph theory. In this paper, we consider the spectral Tur\'{a}n type problem. Let $G$ be a graph and let $\mathcal{G}$ be a set of graphs, we…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-09-13 Shuchao Li , Wanting Sun , Yuantian Yu

An even factor of $G$ is a spanning subgraph $F$ such that every vertex in $F$ has a nonzero even degree. Note that $\delta(G)\geq2$ is a trivial necessary condition for a graph to have an even factor, where $\delta(G)$ is the minimum…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-12-22 Caili Jia , Yong Lu

A 2-factor of a graph is a 2-regular spanning subgraph. For a graph $G$ and an independent set $I$ of $G$, let $\delta_G(I)$ denote the minimum degree of vertices contained in $I$. We show that (1) if every independent set $I$ of $G$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-03-25 Masaki Kashima

The triangle-free process begins with an empty graph on n vertices and iteratively adds edges chosen uniformly at random subject to the constraint that no triangle is formed. We determine the asymptotic number of edges in the maximal…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-09-06 Tom Bohman , Peter Keevash