Related papers: Crossing points in survival analysis sensitively d…
A survival dataset describes a set of instances (e.g. patients) and provides, for each, either the time until an event (e.g. death), or the censoring time (e.g. when lost to follow-up - which is a lower bound on the time until the event).…
Stationary points or derivative zero crossings of a regression function correspond to points where a trend reverses, making their estimation scientifically important. Existing approaches to uncertainty quantification for stationary points…
This paper develops a model of reference-dependent assessment of subjective beliefs in which loss-averse people optimally choose the expectation as the reference point to balance the current felicity from the optimistic anticipation and the…
Treatment policy estimands are frequently favored by regulators, as they assess the effect of treatment assignment regardless of post-randomization events. Despite best efforts, missing data due to study discontinuation cannot be fully…
This review synthesizes recent advancements in understanding tipping points and cascading transitions within the Earth system, framing them through the lens of nonlinear dynamics and complexity science. It outlines the fundamental concepts…
Critical transitions, or large changes in the state of a system after a small change in the system's external conditions or parameters, commonly occur in a wide variety of disciplines, from the biological and social sciences to physics.…
We live in unprecedented times in terms of our ability to use evidence to inform medical care. For example, we can perform data-driven post-test probability calculations. However, there is work to do. As has been previously noted,…
The effect of inaccuracies in the parameters of a dynamic Bayesian network can be investigated by subjecting the network to a sensitivity analysis. Having detailed the resulting sensitivity functions in our previous work, we now study the…
Sampling is a fundamental problem in computer science and statistics. However, for a given task and stream, it is often not possible to choose good sampling probabilities in advance. We derive a general framework for adaptively changing the…
The purpose of this article is to give a preliminary clarification on the relation between crossing number and crossing change. With a main focus on the span of X polynomial, we prove that, as our theorem claims, the crossing number of the…
Tipping points are one of the hot topics in modern physics of complex systems. But what is a tipping point? A generic definition declares it as ``a state of the system where a small change in its parameters can lead to a significant change…
Often in follow-up studies intermediate events occur in some patients, such as reinterventions or adverse events. These intermediate events directly affect the shapes of their longitudinal profiles. Our work is motivated by two studies in…
Survivorship analysis allows to statistically analyze situations that can be modeled as waiting times to an event. These waiting times are characterized by the cumulative hazard rate, which can be estimated by the Nelson-Aalen estimator or…
Critical points of an invariant function may or may not be symmetric. We prove, however, that if a symmetric critical point exists, those adjacent to it are generically symmetry breaking. This mathematical mechanism is shown to carry…
Statistical moments of particle multiplicities in heavy-ion collision experiments are an important probe in the exploration of the phase diagram of strongly interacting matter and, particularly, in the search for the QCD critical end point.…
Environmental, demographical and psychological factors have a demonstrated impact on risky crossing behaviour. In this work we focus on the potential influence of social factors on the considered phenomenon (i.e. group crossing decision).…
The salience of reference points may theoretically influence the loss aversion mechanism in effort provision. However, we still lack a direct test from real competitive settings that uses exogenous variation to measure the effect of…
In this paper we consider how to evaluate survival distribution predictions with measures of discrimination. This is a non-trivial problem as discrimination measures are the most commonly used in survival analysis and yet there is no clear…
The current state of evaluation in survival analysis is plagued by the persistent use of evaluation metrics in ways that are misaligned with the stated modeling objective. In addition, many such evaluations are based on censoring…
Dynamical systems studies of differential equations often focus on the behavior of solutions near critical points and on invariant manifolds, to elucidate the organization of the associated flow. In addition, effective methods, such as the…