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Synaptic memory is considered to be the main element responsible for learning and cognition in humans. Although traditionally non-volatile long-term plasticity changes have been implemented in nanoelectronic synapses for neuromorphic…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2017-12-20 Abhronil Sengupta , Kaushik Roy

How can we build agents that keep learning from experience, quickly and efficiently, after their initial training? Here we take inspiration from the main mechanism of learning in biological brains: synaptic plasticity, carefully tuned by…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2018-08-01 Thomas Miconi , Jeff Clune , Kenneth O. Stanley

Cortical populations of neurons develop sparse representations adapted to the statistics of the environment. While existing synaptic plasticity models reproduce some of the observed receptive-field properties, a major obstacle is the…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2022-09-16 Carlos Stein N. Brito , Wulfram Gerstner

One of the most striking capabilities behind the learning mechanisms of the brain is the adaptation, through structural and functional plasticity, of its synapses. While synapses have the fundamental role of transmitting information across…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-06-10 Andrea Ferigo , Elia Cunegatti , Giovanni Iacca

Due to the point-like nature of neuronal spiking, efficient neural network simulators often employ event-based simulation schemes for synapses. Yet many types of synaptic plasticity rely on the membrane potential of the postsynaptic cell as…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2022-04-05 Jonas Stapmanns , Jan Hahne , Moritz Helias , Matthias Bolten , Markus Diesmann , David Dahmen

In this article we intoduce a novel stochastic Hebb-like learning rule for neural networks that is neurobiologically motivated. This learning rule combines features of unsupervised (Hebbian) and supervised (reinforcement) learning and is…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2009-11-11 Frank Emmert-Streib

Neural networks are composed of neurons and synapses, which are responsible for learning in a slow adaptive dynamical process. Here we experimentally show that neurons act like independent anisotropic multiplex hubs, which relay and mute…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2017-07-21 Roni Vardi , Amir Goldental , Anton Sheinin , Shira Sardi , Ido Kanter

In the mammalian nervous system, various synaptic plasticity rules act, either individually or synergistically, and over wide-ranging timescales to dictate the processes that enable learning and memory formation. To mimic biological…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2021-06-11 Syed Ghazi Sarwat , Benedikt Kersting , Timoleon Moraitis , Vara Prasad Jonnalagadda , Abu Sebastian

Synaptic plasticity is the capacity of a preexisting connection between two neurons to change in strength as a function of neural activity. Because synaptic plasticity is the major candidate mechanism for learning and memory, the…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2015-05-05 Maurizio De Pittà , Nicolas Brunel , Andrea Volterra

Learning and memory in the brain are implemented by complex, time-varying changes in neural circuitry. The computational rules according to which synaptic weights change over time are the subject of much research, and are not precisely…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2014-11-18 Scott W. Linderman , Christopher H. Stock , Ryan P. Adams

Superconducting circuits based on quantum phase-slip junctions (QPSJs) can conduct quantized charge pulses, which naturally resemble action potentials generated by biological neurons. A corresponding synaptic circuit, which works as a…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2019-03-27 Ran Cheng , Uday S. Goteti , Michael C. Hamilton

The design of neural hardware is informed by the prominence of differentiated processing and information integration in cognitive systems. The central role of communication leads to the principal assumption of the hardware platform: signals…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2018-05-28 Jeffrey M. Shainline , Sonia M. Buckley , Adam N. McCaughan , Jeff Chiles , Richard P. Mirin , Sae Woo Nam

Unlike the brain, artificial neural networks, including state-of-the-art deep neural networks for computer vision, are subject to "catastrophic forgetting": they rapidly forget the previous task when trained on a new one. Neuroscience…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-06-09 Axel Laborieux , Maxence Ernoult , Tifenn Hirtzlin , Damien Querlioz

This letter introduces the notion of a matrix measure flow as a tool for analyzing the stability of neural networks with time-varying weights. Given a matrix flow -- for example, one induced by gradient-based adaptation -- the matrix…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2023-06-13 Leo Kozachkov , Jean-Jacques Slotine

Understanding how recurrent neural circuits can learn to implement dynamical systems is a fundamental challenge in neuroscience. The credit assignment problem, i.e. determining the local contribution of each synapse to the network's global…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2017-08-08 Alireza Alemi , Christian Machens , Sophie Denève , Jean-Jacques Slotine

Highly efficient information processing in brain is based on processing and memory components called synapses, whose output is dependent on the history of the signals passed through them. Here we have developed an artificial synapse with…

Applied Physics · Physics 2021-12-28 Pan Wang , Mazhar E. Nasir , Alexey V. Krasavin , Wayne Dickson , Anatoly V. Zayats

This study proposes voltage-dependent-synaptic plasticity (VDSP), a novel brain-inspired unsupervised local learning rule for the online implementation of Hebb's plasticity mechanism on neuromorphic hardware. The proposed VDSP learning rule…

We present results from a new approach to learning and plasticity in neuromorphic hardware systems: to enable flexibility in implementable learning mechanisms while keeping high efficiency associated with neuromorphic implementations, we…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2016-10-14 Simon Friedmann , Johannes Schemmel , Andreas Gruebl , Andreas Hartel , Matthias Hock , Karlheinz Meier

The endeavor to understand the brain involves multiple collaborating research fields. Classically, synaptic plasticity rules derived by theoretical neuroscientists are evaluated in isolation on pattern classification tasks. This contrasts…

Biological neural networks self-organize according to local synaptic modifications to produce stable computations. How modifications at the synaptic level give rise to such computations at the network level remains an open question.…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2026-01-21 David Lipshutz , Robert J. Lipshutz