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A tree with at most k leaves is called k-ended tree, and a tree with exactly k leaves is called k-end tree, where a leaf is a vertex of degree one. Contraction of a graph G along the edge e means deleting the edge e and identifying its end…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-12-30 Hamed Ghasemian Zoeram

We consider the graph $G_n$ with vertex set $V(G_n) = \{ 1, 2, \ldots, n\}$ and $\{i,j\} \in E(G_n)$ if and only if $0<|i-j| \leq 2$. We call $G_n$ the straight linear 2-tree on $n$ vertices. Using $\Delta$--Y transformations and identities…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-12-19 Wayne Barrett , Emily J. Evans , Amanda E. Francis

Let $\mathcal{G}$ be the set of simple graphs (or multigraphs) $G$ such that for each $G \in \mathcal{G}$ there exists at least two non-empty disjoint proper subsets $V_{1},V_{2}\subseteq V(G)$ satisfying $V(G)\setminus(V_{1} \cup…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-11-19 Cunxiang Duan , Ligong Wang , Xiangxiang Liu

A graph can be regarded as an electrical network in which each edge is a resistor. This point of view relates combinatorial quantities, such as the number of spanning trees, to electrical ones such as effective resistance. The second and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-08-30 Art M. Duval , Woong Kook , Kang-Ju Lee , Jeremy L. Martin

Let $e$ be an edge of a connected simple graph $G$. The graph obtained by removing (subdividing) an edge $e$ from $G$ is denoted by $G-e$ ($G_e$). As usual, $\gamma(G)$ denotes the domination number of $G$. We call $G$ an SR-graph if…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-09-29 Magdalena Lemańska , Joaquín Tey , Rita Zuazua

We give a new inequality between the energy of a graph and a weighted sum over the edges of the graph. Using this inequality we prove that $\mathcal{E}(G)\geq 2R(H)$, where $ \mathcal{E}(G)$ is the energy of a graph $G$ and $R(H)$ is the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-06-07 Gerardo Arizmendi , Diego Huerta

An edge irregular total $k$-labelling $f : V(G)\cup E(G)\rightarrow \{1,2,\dots,k\}$ of a graph $G$ is a labelling of the vertices and the edges of $G$ in such a way that any two different edges have distinct weights. The weight of an edge…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-11-28 Irwansyah , Salman A. N. M

Consider a rooted infinite Galton-Watson tree with mean offspring number $m>1$, and a collection of i.i.d. positive random variables $\xi_e$ indexed by all the edges in the tree. We assign the resistance $m^d \xi_e$ to each edge $e$ at…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-05-21 Dayue Chen , Yueyun Hu , Shen Lin

We consider the problem of two-point resistance in a resistor network previously studied by one of us [F. Y. Wu, J. Phys. A {\bf 37}, 6653 (2004)]. By formulating the problem differently, we obtain a new expression for the two-point…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-06-17 N. Sh. Izmailian , R. Kenna , F. Y. Wu

We investigate the behavior of two dimensional resistor networks, with finite sizes and different kinds (rectangular, hexagonal, and triangular) of lattice geometry. We construct the network by having a network-element repeat itself $L_x$…

Classical Physics · Physics 2020-12-30 Rajat Chandra Mishra , Himadri Barman

A graph G=(V,E) is a pairwise compatibility graph (PCG) if there exists an edge-weighted tree T and two non-negative real numbers `d' and `D' such that each leaf `u' of T is a node of V and the edge `(u,v) belongs to E' iff `d <= d_T(u, v)…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2015-04-27 Tiziana Calamoneri , Blerina Sinaimeri , Mattia Gastaldello

Let $G$ be a connected graph with $V(G)=\{1,\dotsc,n\}$. Then the resistance distance between any two vertices $i$ and $j$ is given by $r_{ij}:=l_{ii}^{\dag} + l_{jj}^{\dag}-2 l_{ij}^{\dag}$, where $l_{ij}^\dag$ is the $(i,j)^{\rm th}$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-11-04 R. Balaji , R. B. Bapat , Shivani Goel

Let $\tau(G)$ and $\tau_G(e)$ be the number of spanning trees of a connected graph $G$ and the number of spanning trees of $G$ containing edge $e$. The ratio $d_{G}(e)=\tau_{G}(e)/\tau(G)$ is called the spanning tree edge density of $e$, or…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-03-29 Yujun Yang , Can Xu

A spanning 2-forest separating vertices $u$ and $v$ of an undirected connected graph is a spanning forest with 2 components such that $u$ and $v$ are in distinct components. Aside from their combinatorial significance, spanning 2-forests…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-05-17 Wayne Barrett , Emily J. Evans , Amanda E. Francis , Mark Kempton , John Sinkovic

In this article we consider resistance matrix of a connected graph. For unweighted graph we study some necessary and sufficient conditions for resistance regular graphs. Also we find some relationship between Laplacian matrix and resistance…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-03-28 Deepak Sarma

The reciprocal degree resistance distance index of a connected graph $G$ is defined as $RDR(G)=\sum\limits_{\{u,v\}\subseteq V(G)}\frac {d_G(u)+d_G(v)}{r_G(u,v)}$, where $r_G(u,v)$ is the resistance distance between vertices $u$ and $v$ in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-10-09 Gui-Dong Yu , Xing-Xing Li , Gai-Xiang Cai

Using the theory of electrical network, we first obtain a simple formula for the number of spanning trees of a complete bipartite graph containing a certain matching or a certain tree. Then we apply the effective resistance (i.e.,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-03-04 Jun Ge , Fengming Dong

In the real world, networks often contain multiple relationships among nodes, manifested as the heterogeneity of the edges in the networks. We convert the heterogeneous networks into multiple views by using each view to describe a specific…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2021-03-15 Lu Wang , Yu Song , Hong Huang , Fanghua Ye , Xuanhua Shi , Hai Jin

We consider infinite weighted graphs $G$, i.e., sets of vertices $V$, and edges $E$ assumed countable infinite. An assignment of weights is a positive symmetric function $c$ on $E$ (the edge-set), conductance. From this, one naturally…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2015-02-25 Palle Jorgensen , Feng Tian

Given a finite planar graph, a grove is a spanning forest in which every component tree contains one or more of a specified set of vertices (called nodes) on the outer face. For the uniform measure on groves, we compute the probabilities of…

Probability · Mathematics 2011-06-30 Richard W. Kenyon , David B. Wilson