Related papers: Statistics of the quantized microwave electromagne…
The continuous transition from a low resolution quantum nondemolition measurement of light field intensity to a precise measurement of photon number is described using a generalized measurement postulate. In the intermediate regime,…
The interaction of photons and coherent quantum systems can be employed to detect electromagnetic radiation with remarkable sensitivity. We introduce a quantum radiometer based on the photon-induced-dephasing process of a superconducting…
The electromagnetic field is canonically quantized in the presence of a linear, dispersive and dissipative medium that is in uniform motion. Specifically we calculate the change in the normal modes of the coupled matter-field system and…
Correlations are important tools in the characterization of quantum fields. They can be used to describe statistical properties of the fields, such as bunching and anti-bunching, as well as to perform field state tomography. Here we analyse…
It has very recently been suggested that asymmetric coupling of electromagnetic fields to thermal reservoirs under nonequilibrium conditions can produce unexpected oscillatory behavior in the local photon statistics in layered structures.…
We quantize the macroscopic electromagnetic field in a system of non-dispersive polarizable bodies moving at constant velocities possibly exceeding the Cherenkov threshold. It is shown that in general the quantized system is unstable and…
Detecting weak radio-frequency electromagnetic fields plays a crucial role in wide range of fields, from radio astronomy to nuclear magnetic resonance imaging. In quantum mechanics, the ultimate limit of a weak field is a single-photon.…
We report on the spectral analysis and the local measurement of intensity correlations of microwave fields using ultra cold quantum gases. The fluctuations of the electromagnetic field induce spin flips in a magnetically trapped quantum gas…
Charge detection utilizing a highly biased quantum point contact has become the most effective probe for studying few electron quantum dot circuits. Measurements on double and triple quantum dot circuits is performed to clarify a back…
We calculate the noise spectrum of the output signal of a quantum detector during continuous measurement of a two-level system (qubit). We generalize the previous results obtained for the regime of high voltages (when $eV$ is much larger…
We develop an effective low-frequency theory of the electromagnetic field in equilibrium with thermal objects. The aim is to compute thermal magnetic noise spectra close to metallic microstructures. We focus on the limit where the material…
A theory of electron counting statistics in quantum transport is presented. It involves an idealized scheme of current measurement using a spin 1/2 coupled to the current so that it precesses at the rate proportional to the current. Within…
We measure the temperature of a mesoscopic system consisting of an ultra-dilute two dimensional electron gas at the $Si/SiO_2$ interface in a metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) quantum dot by means of the capture and…
Probing the universal low temperature magnetic field scaling of Kondo-correlated quantum dots via electrical conductance has proved to be experimentally challenging. Here, we show how to probe this in nonlinear thermocurrent spectroscopy…
Fractional quantum Hall quasiparticles are famous for having fractional electric charge. Recent experiments report that the quasiparticles' effective electric charge determined through tunneling current noise measurements can depend on the…
When assembling individual quantum components into a mesoscopic circuit, the interplay between Coulomb interaction and charge granularity breaks down the classical laws of electrical impedance composition. Here we explore experimentally the…
Microscopic theory of counting statistics of electrical noise is reviewed. We discuss a model of passive charge detector based on current fluctuations coupled to a spin, and its relation with the theory of photon counting in quantum optics.…
The quantum measurement process by a single-electron transistor or a quantum point contact coupled to a quantum bit is studied. We find a unified description of the statistics of the monitored quantity, the current, in the regime of strong…
A fundamental result of quantum mechanics is that the fluctuations of a bosonic field are given by its temperature $T$. An electromagnetic mode with frequency $\omega$ in the microwave band has a significant thermal photon occupation at…
The radiation generated by a quantum conductor should be correlated with electrons crossing it. We have measured the correlation between the fluctuations of the high frequency electromagnetic power and the low frequency transport in a…