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Related papers: On the insecurity of quantum Bitcoin mining

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The work presents an amalgam of quantum search algorithm (QSA) and quantum secret sharing (QSS). The proposed QSS scheme utilizes Grover's three-particle quantum state. In this scheme, the dealer prepares an encoded state by encoding the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-11-18 Deepa Rathi , Farhan Musanna , Sanjeev Kumar

It has been shown in recent years that quantum information has a topological nature (\cite{AC}, \cite{Co}, \cite{Co2}). In \cite{V}, Vicary undergoes the study of quantum algorithms using this new topological approach. The advantage of this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-05-20 Ali Nabi Duman

An algebraic analysis of Grover's quantum search algorithm is presented for the case in which the initial state is an arbitrary pure quantum state of n qubits. This approach reveals the geometrical structure of the quantum search process,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 D. Shapira , Y. Shimoni , O. Biham

Quantum algorithms can deliver asymptotic speedups over their classical counterparts. However, there are few cases where a substantial quantum speedup has been worked out in detail for reasonably-sized problems, when compared with the best…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-07-24 Earl Campbell , Ankur Khurana , Ashley Montanaro

Although Bitcoin was intended to be a decentralized digital currency, in practice, mining power is quite concentrated. This fact is a persistent source of concern for the Bitcoin community. We provide an explanation using a simple model to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-11-22 Nick Arnosti , S. Matthew Weinberg

We study selfish mining in Ethereum. The problem is combinatorially more complex than in Bitcoin because of major differences in the reward system and a different difficulty adjustment formula. Equivalent strategies in Bitcoin do have…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-05-01 Cyril Grunspan , Ricardo Pérez-Marco

There had been well known claims of unconditionally secure quantum protocols for bit commitment. However, we, and independently Mayers, showed that all proposed quantum bit commitment schemes are, in principle, insecure because the sender,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-30 H. -K. Lo , H. F. Chau

Many of today's crypto currencies use blockchains as decentralized ledgers and secure them with proof of work. In case of a fork of the chain, Bitcoin's rule for achieving consensus is selecting the longest chain and discarding the other…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-08-13 Fabian Ritz , Alf Zugenmaier

Grover's search algorithm is designed to be executed on a quantum mechanical computer. In this paper, the probabilistic wp-calculus is used to model and reason about Grover's algorithm. It is demonstrated that the calculus provides a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Michael Butler , Pieter Hartel

The essential operations of a quantum computer can be accomplished using solely optical elements, with different polarization or spatial modes representing the individual qubits. We present a simple all-optical implementation of Grover's…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-26 P. G. Kwiat , J. R. Mitchell , P. D. D. Schwindt , A. G. White

Evolution of entanglement with the proceeding of quantum algorithms affects the outcome of the algorithm. Particularly, the performance of Grover's search algorithm gets worsened if the initial state of the algorithm is an entangled one.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Arti Chamoli , C. M. Bhandari

Blockchain and other Distributed Ledger Technologies (DLTs) have evolved significantly in the last years and their use has been suggested for numerous applications due to their ability to provide transparency, redundancy and accountability.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-05 Tiago M. Fernandez-Carames , Paula Fraga-Lamas

Quite often in database search, we only need to extract portion of the information about the satisfying item. Recently Radhakrishnan & Grover [RG] considered this problem in the following form: the database of $N$ items was divided into $K$…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Vladimir E. Korepin , Lov K. Grover

Searching a database is a central task in computer science and is paradigmatic of transport and optimization problems in physics. For an unstructured search, Grover's algorithm predicts a quadratic speedup, with the search time…

In the Grover-type quantum search process a search operator is iteratively applied, say, k times, on the initial database state. We present an additive decomposition scheme such that the iteration process is expressed, in the computational…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-06-07 F. M. Toyama , W. van Dijk

There are major advantages in a newer version of Grover's quantum algorithm utilizing a general unitary transformation in the search of a single object in a large unsorted database. In this paper, we generalize this algorithm to multiobject…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Goong Chen , Shunhua Sun

Grover's quantum search algorithm drives a quantum computer from a prepared initial state to a desired final state by using selective transformations of these states. Here, we analyze a framework when one of the selective trasformations is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-05-30 Avatar Tulsi

In this article, we discuss the implementation of a quantum recommendation system that uses a quantum variant of the k-nearest neighbours algorithm and the Grover algorithm to search for a specific element in unstructured database. In…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-12-10 Marek Sawerwain , Marek Wróblewski

Quantum computers impose an immense threat to system security. As a countermeasure, new cryptographic classes have been created to prevent these attacks. Technologies such as post-quantum cryptography and quantum cryptography. Quantum…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Luiz Filipi Anderson de Sousa Moura , Carlos Becker Westphall

Mining for Bitcoins is a high-risk high-reward activity. Miners, seeking to reduce their variance and earn steadier rewards, collaborate in pooling strategies where they jointly mine for Bitcoins. Whenever some pool participant is…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2017-03-14 Ben A. Fisch , Rafael Pass , Abhi Shelat