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State-of-the-art natural language processing systems rely on supervision in the form of annotated data to learn competent models. These models are generally trained on data in a single language (usually English), and cannot be directly used…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-09-14 Alexis Conneau , Guillaume Lample , Ruty Rinott , Adina Williams , Samuel R. Bowman , Holger Schwenk , Veselin Stoyanov

Spoken Language Understanding (SLU) aims to extract the semantics frame of user queries, which is a core component in a task-oriented dialog system. With the burst of deep neural networks and the evolution of pre-trained language models,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-11 Libo Qin , Tianbao Xie , Wanxiang Che , Ting Liu

The Spoken Language Understanding Evaluation (SLUE) suite of benchmark tasks was recently introduced to address the need for open resources and benchmarking of complex spoken language understanding (SLU) tasks, including both classification…

Neural natural language generation (NLG) and understanding (NLU) models are data-hungry and require massive amounts of annotated data to be competitive. Recent frameworks address this bottleneck with generative models that synthesize weak…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-09 Ernie Chang , Vera Demberg , Alex Marin

Curriculum Learning (CL) is a technique of training models via ranking examples in a typically increasing difficulty trend with the aim of accelerating convergence and improving generalisability. Current approaches for Natural Language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-28 Fenia Christopoulou , Gerasimos Lampouras , Ignacio Iacobacci

The recent success of natural language understanding (NLU) systems has been troubled by results highlighting the failure of these models to generalize in a systematic and robust way. In this work, we introduce a diagnostic benchmark suite,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-05 Koustuv Sinha , Shagun Sodhani , Jin Dong , Joelle Pineau , William L. Hamilton

Spoken Language Understanding (SLU) plays a crucial role in speech-centric multimedia applications, enabling machines to comprehend spoken language in scenarios such as meetings, interviews, and customer service interactions. SLU…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-18 Zhichao Sheng , Shilin Zhou , Chen Gong , Zhenghua Li

Despite recent progress in Natural Language Understanding (NLU), the creation of multilingual NLU systems remains a challenge. It is common to have NLU systems limited to a subset of languages due to lack of available data. They also often…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-14 Christopher Hench , Charith Peris , Jack FitzGerald , Kay Rottmann

Natural Language Generation (NLG) refers to the operation of expressing the calculation results of a system in human language. Since the quality of generated sentences from an NLG model cannot be fully represented using only quantitative…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-08-04 Dojun Park , Youngjin Jang , Harksoo Kim

The evaluation of Natural Language Generation (NLG) models has gained increased attention, urging the development of metrics that evaluate various aspects of generated text. LUNA addresses this challenge by introducing a unified interface…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-10 Marat Saidov , Aleksandra Bakalova , Ekaterina Taktasheva , Vladislav Mikhailov , Ekaterina Artemova

Spoken Language Understanding (SLU) models are a core component of voice assistants (VA), such as Alexa, Bixby, and Google Assistant. In this paper, we introduce a pipeline designed to extend SLU systems to new languages, utilizing Large…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Jakub Hoscilowicz , Pawel Pawlowski , Marcin Skorupa , Marcin Sowański , Artur Janicki

In modular dialogue systems, natural language understanding (NLU) and natural language generation (NLG) are two critical components, where NLU extracts the semantics from the given texts and NLG is to construct corresponding natural…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-01 Shang-Yu Su , Chao-Wei Huang , Yun-Nung Chen

Continual learning has emerged as an increasingly important challenge across various tasks, including Spoken Language Understanding (SLU). In SLU, its objective is to effectively handle the emergence of new concepts and evolving…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-19 Muqiao Yang , Xiang Li , Umberto Cappellazzo , Shinji Watanabe , Bhiksha Raj

Spoken language understanding (SLU) treats automatic speech recognition (ASR) and natural language understanding (NLU) as a unified task and usually suffers from data scarcity. We exploit an ASR and NLU joint training method based on meta…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-06-28 Yingying Gao , Junlan Feng , Chao Deng , Shilei Zhang

Natural language understanding (NLU) is a task that enables machines to understand human language. Some tasks, such as stance detection and sentiment analysis, are closely related to individual subjective perspectives, thus termed…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Yunpeng Xiao , Youpeng Zhao , Kai Shu

High-quality, large-scale instructions are crucial for aligning large language models (LLMs), however, there is a severe shortage of instruction in the field of natural language understanding (NLU). Previous works on constructing NLU…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-07 Lin Yuan , Jun Xu , Honghao Gui , Mengshu Sun , Zhiqiang Zhang , Lei Liang , Jun Zhou

This technical report briefly describes our JDExplore d-team's Vega v2 submission on the SuperGLUE leaderboard. SuperGLUE is more challenging than the widely used general language understanding evaluation (GLUE) benchmark, containing eight…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-06 Qihuang Zhong , Liang Ding , Yibing Zhan , Yu Qiao , Yonggang Wen , Li Shen , Juhua Liu , Baosheng Yu , Bo Du , Yixin Chen , Xinbo Gao , Chunyan Miao , Xiaoou Tang , Dacheng Tao

Machine unlearning has the potential to improve the safety of large language models (LLMs) by removing sensitive or harmful information post hoc. A key challenge in unlearning involves balancing between forget quality (effectively…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Shengyuan Hu , Neil Kale , Pratiksha Thaker , Yiwei Fu , Steven Wu , Virginia Smith

Evaluating Large Language Models (LLMs) in low-resource and linguistically diverse languages remains a significant challenge in NLP, particularly for languages using non-Latin scripts like those spoken in India. Existing benchmarks…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Sshubam Verma , Mohammed Safi Ur Rahman Khan , Vishwajeet Kumar , Rudra Murthy , Jaydeep Sen