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Recent work building open-domain chatbots has demonstrated that increasing model size improves performance. On the other hand, latency and connectivity considerations dictate the move of digital assistants on the device. Giving a digital…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-11 Greyson Gerhard-Young , Raviteja Anantha , Srinivas Chappidi , Björn Hoffmeister

Recent approaches to question generation have used modifications to a Seq2Seq architecture inspired by advances in machine translation. Models are trained using teacher forcing to optimise only the one-step-ahead prediction. However, at…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-04 Tom Hosking , Sebastian Riedel

What are the limits of automated Twitter sentiment classification? We analyze a large set of manually labeled tweets in different languages, use them as training data, and construct automated classification models. It turns out that the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-08-31 Igor Mozetic , Miha Grcar , Jasmina Smailovic

In recent times, a large number of people have been involved in establishing their own businesses. Unlike humans, chatbots can serve multiple customers at a time, are available 24/7 and reply in less than a fraction of a second. Though…

Sentiment analysis, an increasingly vital field in both academia and industry, plays a pivotal role in machine learning applications, particularly on social media platforms like Reddit. However, the efficacy of sentiment analysis models is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Xiaoxia Zhang , Xiuyuan Qi , Zixin Teng

The growing number of generative AI-based dialogue systems has made their evaluation a crucial challenge. This paper presents our contribution to this important problem through the Dialogue System Technology Challenge (DSTC-12, Track 1),…

Since their inception, encoder-decoder models have successfully been applied to a wide array of problems in computational linguistics. The most recent successes are predominantly due to the use of different variations of attention…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-11 Dennis Ulmer , Dieuwke Hupkes , Elia Bruni

Neural generative models have been become increasingly popular when building conversational agents. They offer flexibility, can be easily adapted to new domains, and require minimal domain engineering. A common criticism of these systems is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-07-29 Chinnadhurai Sankar , Sandeep Subramanian , Christopher Pal , Sarath Chandar , Yoshua Bengio

Small and mid-sized generative language models have gained increasing attention. Their size and availability make them amenable to being analyzed at a behavioral as well as a representational level, allowing investigations of how these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-11 Lorenz Linhardt , Tom Neuhäuser , Lenka Tětková , Oliver Eberle

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable breakthroughs in new dialogue capabilities by leveraging instruction tuning, which refreshes human impressions of dialogue systems. The long-standing goal of dialogue systems is to be…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-01 Jiao Ou , Junda Lu , Che Liu , Yihong Tang , Fuzheng Zhang , Di Zhang , Kun Gai

A chatbot's personality design is key to interaction quality. As chatbots evolved from rule-based systems to those powered by large language models (LLMs), evaluating the effectiveness of their personality design has become increasingly…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Huiqi Zou , Pengda Wang , Zihan Yan , Tianjun Sun , Ziang Xiao

The task of predicting dialog acts (DA) based on conversational dialog is a key component in the development of conversational agents. Accurately predicting DAs requires a precise modeling of both the conversation and the global tag…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-02-27 Pierre Colombo , Emile Chapuis , Matteo Manica , Emmanuel Vignon , Giovanna Varni , Chloe Clavel

Human evaluation has been widely accepted as the standard for evaluating chat-oriented dialogue systems. However, there is a significant variation in previous work regarding who gets recruited as evaluators. Evaluator groups such as domain…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-18 Sarah E. Finch , James D. Finch , Jinho D. Choi

This paper describes our deep learning-based approach to sentiment analysis in Twitter as part of SemEval-2016 Task 4. We use a convolutional neural network to determine sentiment and participate in all subtasks, i.e. two-point,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-09-12 Sebastian Ruder , Parsa Ghaffari , John G. Breslin

Aligning the behavior of Large language models (LLMs) with human intentions and values remains a critical challenge. Reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) aligns LLMs by training a reward model (RM) on human preferences and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-25 Jiayi Zhou , Jiaming Ji , Juntao Dai , Dong Li , Yaodong Yang

Research suggests that providing specific and timely feedback to human tutors enhances their performance. However, it presents challenges due to the time-consuming nature of assessing tutor performance by human evaluators. Large language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-06 Dollaya Hirunyasiri , Danielle R. Thomas , Jionghao Lin , Kenneth R. Koedinger , Vincent Aleven

While the task of assessing the plausibility of events such as ''news is relevant'' has been addressed by a growing body of work, less attention has been paid to capturing changes in plausibility as triggered by event modification.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Anna Golub , Beate Zywietz , Annerose Eichel

Large speech models-derived features have recently shown increased performance over signal-based features across multiple downstream tasks, even when the networks are not finetuned towards the target task. In this paper we show the results…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-11-02 Adrian Bogdan Stânea , Vlad Striletchi , Cosmin Striletchi , Adriana Stan

Understanding sentence meanings and updating information states appropriately across time -- what we call "situational understanding" (SU) -- is a critical ability for human-like AI agents. SU is essential in particular for chat models,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Chenghao Yang , Allyson Ettinger

Synthetic users are cost-effective proxies for real users in the evaluation of conversational recommender systems. Large language models show promise in simulating human-like behavior, raising the question of their ability to represent a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-27 Se-eun Yoon , Zhankui He , Jessica Maria Echterhoff , Julian McAuley