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A pairing gap and coherence are the two hallmarks of superconductivity. In a classical BCS superconductor they are established simultaneously at Tc. In the cuprates, however, an energy gap (pseudogap) extends above Tc. The origin of this…

Locally noncentrosymmetric structures in crystals are attracting much attention owing to emergent phenomena associated with the sublattice degree of freedom. The newly discovered heavy fermion superconductor CeRh$_2$As$_2$ is considered to…

The parent compound of the copper-oxide high temperature superconductors is a Mott insulator. Superconductivity is realized by doping an appropriate amount of charge carriers. How a Mott insulator transforms into a superconductor is crucial…

Electronic structure of SrPd2Ge2 single crystals is studied by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES), scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STS) and band-structure calculations within the local-density approximation (LDA). The STS…

Spin fluctuations (SF) and SF-mediated superconductivity (SC) in quasi-two-dimensional metals around the antiferrromagnetic (AF) quantum critical point (QCP) are investigated by using the self-consistent renormalization theory for SF and…

The properties of cuprate high-temperature superconductors are largely shaped by competing phases whose nature is often a mystery. Chiefly among them is the pseudogap phase, which sets in at a doping $p^*$ that is material-dependent. What…

The gap anisotropy in Bi$_2$Sr$_2$CaCu$_2$O$_{8+\delta}$ is revisited in the framework of a d-wave scenario in view of the recent angle-resolved photoemission experiment. Based on a tight-binding fit to the normal state dispersion, a detail…

The low-energy electronic structure of the trilayer cuprate superconductor Bi$_2$Sr$_2$Ca$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{10+\delta}$ near optimal doping is investigated by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. The normal state quasiparticle dispersion…

I begin by briefly reviewing various experimental results on the pseudogap phenomena in underdoped cuprates. I argue that, taken together, all of these lead to a picture of singlet pairing above $T_c$. I then explore the idea that the…

The ab-plane reflectance of Bi2Sr2CaCu2O(8+d) thin films was measured in the 30-25000 cm^(-1) range for one underdoped (Tc = 70 K), and one overdoped sample (Tc = 63 K) as a function of temperature (10-300 K). We find qualitatively similar…

Angle Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy (ARPES) probes the momentum-space electronic structure of materials, and provides invaluable information about the high-temperature superconducting cuprates. Likewise, the cuprate real-space,…

We investigate pseudogap phenomena in the 2D electron system. Based on the mode-mode coupling theory of antiferromagnetic (AFM) and $d_{x^2-y^2}$-wave superconducting ($d$SC) fluctuations, single-particle dynamics is analyzed. For the…

We observed the anisotropic superconducting-gap (SC-gap) structure of a slightly overdoped superconductor, Ba(Fe$_{1-x}$Co$_{x}$)$_{2}$As$_{2}$ ($x=0.1$), using three-dimensional (3D) angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. Two hole…

We analyze the ``normal electronic states'' of Na_{0.35}CoO_2 based on the effective d-p model with full d-orbital freedom using the fluctuation-exchange (FLEX) approximation. They sensitively depend on the topology of the Fermi surfaces,…

We use angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) and density functional theory (DFT) calculations to study the electronic structure of CaFe$_2$As$_2$ in previously unexplored collapsed tetragonal (CT) phase. This unusual phase of…

Two Bi2201 model systems are employed to demonstrate how, beside the Cu-O \sigma-band, a second band of purely O2p\pi character can be made to cross the Fermi level owing to its sensitivity to the local crystal field. This result is…

The electronic structure of the reentrant superconductor Eu(Fe$_{0.86}$Ir$_{0.14}$)$_{2}$As$_{2}$ (T$_c$ = 22 K) with coexisting ferromagnetic order (T$_M$ = 18 K) is investigated using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) and…

All previous cuprate superconductors display a set of common features: (i) vicinity to a Cu 3$d^{9}$ configuration; (ii) separated CuO$_2$ planes; (iii) superconductivity for doping $\delta \sim$ 0.1$-$0.3. Recently [PNAS {\bf 24}, 12156…

We present high resolution ARPES data of the bilayer superconductor Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8 (Bi2212) showing a clear doubling of the near EF bands. This splitting approaches zero along the (0,0)-(pi,pi) nodal line and is not observed in single layer…

Recent observations of two nodeless gaps in superconducting CeCu$_2$Si$_2$ have raised intensive debates on its exact gap symmetry, while a satisfactory theoretical basis is still lacking. Here we propose a phenomenological approach to…