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Both Poincar\'e in his 1900 Festschrift paper \cite{Poincare} and Einstein in his 1905 \textsl{Annalen der Physik} article \cite{Einstein} were led to $E=mc^2$ by considering electromagnetic processes taking place in vacuo. Poincar\'e's…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2023-05-22 Patrick Moylan

In 1919 A. Einstein suspected first that gravitational fields could play an essential role in the structure of elementary particles. In 1937, P.A.M. Dirac found a miraculous link between the properties of the visible Universe and elementary…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 H. Genreith

The Equivalence Principle (EP) is not one of the ``universal'' principles of physics (like the Action Principle). It is a heuristic hypothesis which was introduced by Einstein in 1907, and used by him to construct his theory of General…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-25 Thibault Damour

In the class of metrics of a generic conformal structure there exists a distinguishing metric. This was noticed by Albert Einstein in a lesser-known paper of 1921 (Berl. Ber., 1921, pp. 261-264). We explore this finding from a geometrical…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2017-10-03 Ignacio Sánchez-Rodríguez

This paper reviews research results obtained from Einsteinian physics programs run by different instructors with Years 6, 9, 10 and 11 students using the models and analogies described in Parts 1 and 2. The research aimed to determine…

Physics Education · Physics 2017-10-11 Tejinder Kaur , David Blair , John Moschilla , Warren Stannard , Marjan Zadnik

As a tribute to our teacher and mentor on the occasion of his centennial celebration, we provide a brief historical overview and a summary of sustained interest in the topic of interaction of neutrons with alpha particles.

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2015-03-18 B. Hoop

It is well-known that Einstein got the 1921 Nobel prize not for his theory of relativity, but for his theory of photoelectricity. It is not that well-known that he did not get the prize in 1921. Why not, and when did he get it?

Popular Physics · Physics 2023-01-05 Palash B. Pal

Late in October 1911, eighteen leading scientists from all over Europe met to the first of a famous sequence of Solvay conferences in Brussels. This historical meeting was mainly devoted to "The Theory of Radiation and the Quanta", at a…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2011-10-25 Norbert Straumann

This is a review with some comments on the A. Einstein`s 1911 paper, which he published as one of his many attempts of the general theory of relativity. The main point of the idea is to propose a new approach about light and its motion as…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2023-05-23 Rigoberto Martinez

In June 1930 Einstein visited Cambridge where he stayed with Eddington who had just shown that Einstein's supposedly static universe of 1917 was not stable. This forced Einstein to rethink his cosmology. He spent January and February 1931…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2014-02-25 Harry Nussbaumer

We present a translation and analysis of a cosmic model published by Einstein in 1931. The paper, which is not widely known, features a model of a universe that undergoes an expansion followed by a contraction, quite different to his static…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2022-07-07 C. O'Raifeartaigh , B. McCann

In 1923 Louis de Broglie (1892-1987) discovered the material waves and six years later received the Nobel price for this discovery. Apart these well known facts this French physicist nevertheless seems to be forgotten. Details of his life…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2016-09-08 Henning Sievers

The year 2005 marks the hundredth anniversary of the pioneering contribution of Einstein's to modern physics in 1905. The discussion of Einstein's five groundbreaking fundamental papers, which change our picture of the universe and ideas…

Physics Education · Physics 2007-05-23 Roman Ya. Kezerashvili

We suggest that not only quanta may have played a role in Einstein's ideas on relativity, but that they themselves may be related to the dynamical and relativistic behaviour of the electromagnetic field exhibited in a Poincar\'e's 1900…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2012-11-29 Christian Bracco

In 1935, Albert Einstein, Boris Podolsky and Nathan Rosen (EPR) published a thought experiment that is entirely correct, has been demonstrated in real experiments, and is now the most famous in quantum physics. Their pioneering work…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-14 Roman Schnabel

The confrontation between General Relativity and experimental results, notably binary pulsar data, is summarized and its significance discussed. The agreement between experiment and theory is numerically very impressive. However, some…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 T. Damour

The 20th-century physics starts with Einstein and ends with Feynman. Einstein introduced the Lorentz-covariant world with E = mc^{2}. Feynman observed that fast-moving hadrons consist of partons which act incoherently with external signals.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Y. S. Kim

This note examines an apparently unpublished manuscript on special relativity written by Conrad Habicht in 1914 and made available online by the ETH-Bibliothek Z\"urich in December 2024. To the best of my knowledge, no study of its content…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2026-05-07 Hector Giacomini

On November 23, 2021, the Einstein-Besso manuscript on the perihelion motion of Mercury will be auctioned at Christie's. Expected to fetch around $3M, it promises to be the most expensive scientific manuscript ever sold at auction. In this…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2021-11-23 Michel Janssen , Jürgen Renn

I argue that Einstein overlooked an important aspect of the relativity of time in never quite realizing his quest to embody Mach's principle in his theory of gravity. As a step towards that goal, I broaden the Strong Equivalence Principle…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-04-21 David L. Wiltshire