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Decentralized systems built around blockchain technology promise clients an immutable ledger. They add a transaction to the ledger after it undergoes consensus among the replicas that run a Proof-of-Stake (PoS) or Byzantine Fault-Tolerant…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Junchao Chen , Suyash Gupta , Alberto Sonnino , Lefteris Kokoris-Kogias , Mohammad Sadoghi

Consensus algorithms provide strategies to solve problems in a distributed system with the added constraint that data can only be shared between adjacent computing nodes. We find these algorithms in applications for wireless and sensor…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-11-15 Michel Toulouse , Hai Le , Cao Vien Phung , Denis Hock

Distributed Ledger Technologies (DLTs), when managed by a few trusted validators, require most but not all of the machinery available in public DLTs. In this work, we explore one possible way to profit from this state of affairs. We devise…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-05-10 Marco Benedetti , Francesco De Sclavis , Marco Favorito , Giuseppe Galano , Sara Giammusso , Antonio Muci , Matteo Nardelli

Blockchain technology offers a decentralized and secure method for storing and authenticating data, rendering it well-suited for various applications such as digital currencies, supply chain management, and voting systems. However, the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-04-25 Mohammad R. Shakournia , Pooya Jamshidi , Hamid Reza Faragardi , Nasser Yazdani

Byzantine Fault Tolerant (BFT) consensus protocols for dynamically available systems face a critical challenge: balancing latency and security in fluctuating node participation. Existing solutions often require multiple rounds of voting per…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Pengkun Ren , Hai Dong , Zahir Tari , Pengcheng Zhang

This paper introduces a family of leaderless Byzantine fault tolerance protocols, built around a metastable mechanism via network subsampling. These protocols provide a strong probabilistic safety guarantee in the presence of Byzantine…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-08-25 Team Rocket , Maofan Yin , Kevin Sekniqi , Robbert van Renesse , Emin Gün Sirer

Byzantine Fault Tolerant (BFT) consensus exhibits higher throughput in comparison to Proof of Work (PoW) in blockchains. But BFT-based protocols suffer from scalability problems with respect to the number of replicas in the network. The…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-04-30 Mohammad M. Jalalzai , Costas Busch , Golden Richard

In this paper we present an open source, fully asynchronous, leaderless algorithm for reaching consensus in the presence of Byzantine faults in an asynchronous network. We prove the algorithm's correctness provided that less than a third of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-07-29 Pierre Chevalier , Bartlomiej Kaminski , Fraser Hutchison , Qi Ma , Spandan Sharma , Andreas Fackler , William J Buchanan

Byzantine fault-tolerant (BFT) consensus algorithms are at the core of providing safety and liveness guarantees for distributed systems that must operate in the presence of arbitrary failures. Recently, numerous new BFT algorithms have been…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-12-06 Gengrui Zhang , Fei Pan , Yunhao Mao , Sofia Tijanic , Michael Dang'ana , Shashank Motepalli , Shiquan Zhang , Hans-Arno Jacobsen

Permissionless blockchain technology offers numerous potential benefits for decentralised applications, such as security, transparency, and openness. BFT-based consensus mechanisms are widely adopted in the permissioned blockchain to meet…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Ziqiang Xu , Ahmad Salehi Shahraki , Naveen Chilamkurti

The practical Byzantine fault tolerant (PBFT) consensus protocol is one of the basic consensus protocols in the development of blockchain technology. At the same time, the PBFT consensus protocol forms a basis for some other important BFT…

Performance · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Yan-Xia Chang , Qing Wang , Quan-Lin Li , Yaqian Ma

Asynchronous Byzantine fault-tolerant (BFT) consensus protocols, known for their robustness in unpredictable environments without relying on timing assumptions, are becoming increasingly vital for wireless applications. While these…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Shuo Liu , Minghui Xu , Tianyi Sun , Xiuzhen Cheng

The surging interest in blockchain technology has revitalized the search for effective Byzantine consensus schemes. In particular, the blockchain community has been looking for ways to effectively integrate traditional Byzantine…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-11-15 Jian Liu , Wenting Li , Ghassan O. Karame , N. Asokan

Existing permissioned blockchain systems designate a fixed and explicit group of committee nodes to run a consensus protocol that confirms the same sequence of blocks among all nodes. Unfortunately, when such a permissioned blockchain runs…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-12-16 Xusheng Chen , Shixiong Zhao , Ji Qi , Jianyu Jiang , Haoze Song , Cheng Wang , Tsz On Li , T. -H. Hubert Chan , Fengwei Zhang , Xiapu Luo , Sen Wang , Gong Zhang , Heming Cui

Multi-party data management and blockchain systems require data sharing among participants. To provide resilient and consistent data sharing, transactions engines rely on Byzantine FaultTolerant consensus (BFT), which enables operations…

Databases · Computer Science 2021-02-24 Suyash Gupta , Jelle Hellings , Sajjad Rahnama , Mohammad Sadoghi

Existing Byzantine fault-tolerant (BFT) consensus protocols address only threshold failures, where the participating nodes fail independently of each other, each one fails equally likely, and the protocol's guarantees follow from a simple…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-08-04 Orestis Alpos , Christian Cachin

There is surge of interest to the blockchain technology not only in the scientific community but in the business community as well. Proof of Work (PoW) and Byzantine Fault Tolerant (BFT) are the two main classes of consensus protocols that…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-06-12 Mohammad M. Jalalzai , Costas Busch

With the continuous expansion of blockchain application scenarios, consortium chains have raised higher performance and security requirements for consensus mechanisms. Unlike public blockchains, consortium chains typically implement an…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Wen Gao , Xinhong Hei , Yichuan Wang

Sybil attacks, in which a large number of adversary-controlled nodes join a network, are a concern for many peer-to-peer database systems, necessitating expensive countermeasures such as proof-of-work. However, there is a category of…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-12-02 Martin Kleppmann , Heidi Howard

The problem of Byzantine consensus has been key to designing secure distributed systems. However, it is particularly difficult, mainly due to the presence of Byzantine processes that act arbitrarily and the unknown message delays in general…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-04-20 Alejandro Ranchal-Pedrosa , Vincent Gramoli
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