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The polarization of light conveys crucial information about the spatial ordering and optical properties of a specimen. However, precise polarization measurement in challenging conditions, including constrained spaces, low light levels, and…

Optics · Physics 2026-03-10 Martin Bielak , Dominik Vašinka , Miroslav Ježek

Polarized light microscopy provides unique opportunities for analyzing the molecular order in man-made and natural materials, including biological structures inside living cells, tissues, and whole organisms. 20 years ago, the LC-PolScope…

Optics · Physics 2015-06-16 Shalin B. Mehta , Michael Shribak , Rudolf Oldenbourg

We present an approach to spectropolarimetry which requires neither moving parts nor time dependent modulation, and which offers the prospect of achieving high sensitivity. The technique applies equally well, in principle, in the optical,…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-05 William Sparks , Thomas A. Germer , John MacKenty , Frans Snik

When light scatters off an object its polarization, in general, changes - a transformation described by the object's Mueller matrix. Mueller matrix imaging polarimetry is an important technique in science and technology to image the…

To define and characterize optical systems, obtaining information on the amplitude, phase, and polarization profile of optical beams is of utmost importance. Polarimetry using bulk optics is well established to characterize the polarization…

Polarization plays an important role in various time-domain astrophysics to understand the magnetic fields, geometry, and environments of spatially unresolved variable sources. In this paper we present the results of laboratory and on-sky…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2020-04-29 Manisha Shrestha , Iain A. Steele , Andrez S. Piascik , Helen Jermak , Robert J. Smith , Chris M. Copperwheat

Polarization-resolved control and measurement of the optical field are essential for a wide range of photonic systems, including coherent communication, polarimetric sensing, and quantum information processing. We present a photonic…

Plasmonic metasurfaces enable simultaneous control of the phase, momentum, amplitude and polarisation of light and hence promise great utility in realisation of compact photonic devices. In this paper, we demonstrate a novel chip-scale…

In-line polarimeters perform non-destructive polarization measurements of optical signals, and play a critical role in monitoring and controlling the polarization environment in for example optical networks. While current in-line…

Optics · Physics 2015-12-10 J. P. Balthasar Müller , Kristjan Leosson , Federico Capasso

We present an imaging algorithm for polarimetric interferometric data from radio telescopes. It is based on Bayesian statistics and thereby able to provide uncertainties and to incorporate prior information such as positivity of the total…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-04-02 Philipp Arras , Jakob Roth , Martin Reinecke , Richard A. Perley , Andrei Frolov , Rüdiger Westermann , Torsten A. Enßlin

Increasing the complexity of a light field through the advanced manipulation of its degrees of freedom (DoF) provides new opportunities for fundamental studies and technologies. Correlating polarization with the light's spatial or spectral…

Optics · Physics 2026-03-12 Lea Kopf , Rafael Barros , Robert Fickler

An easily constructed and operated polarimeter precisely determines the relative Stokes parameters that characterize the polarization of laser light. The polarimeter is calibrated in situ without removing or realigning its optical elements,…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2021-02-22 V. Wirthl , C. D. Panda , P. W. Hess , B. Spaun , G. Gabrielse

Ascertaining the physical state of a system is vital in order to understand and predict its behaviour. Tomography is a standard approach used to determine the form of an unknown state. Here we show that an alternative approach, based on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-11-01 Jeff Z. Salvail , Megan Agnew , Allan S. Johnson , Eliot Bolduc , Jonathan Leach , Robert W. Boyd

Artificial metasurfaces are capable of completely manipulating the phase, amplitude, and polarization of light with high spatial resolutions. The emerging design based on high-index and low-loss dielectrics has led to the realization of…

Polarimetry aims to measure polarization information of an optical field, providing a new freedom to enhance performance of optical metrology. Furthermore, the polarimetry in infrared (IR) range holds a promise for a wide range of academic…

Polarized light microscopy provides high contrast to birefringent specimen and is widely used as a diagnostic tool in pathology. However, polarization microscopy systems typically operate by analyzing images collected from two or more light…

Polarimetric imaging captures surface polarization characteristics, such as the Degree of Linear Polarization (DoLP) and the Angle of Polarization (AoP). In mainstream Division of-Focal-Plane (DoFP) color polarization imaging, recovering…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Chenggong Li , Yidong Luo , Junchao Zhang , Boxin Shi , Degui Yang

The ideal imaging system would efficiently capture information about all fundamental properties light: intensity, direction, wavelength, and polarization. Most common imaging systems only map the spatial degrees of freedom of light onto a…

Optics · Physics 2023-01-26 Conner Ballew , Gregory Roberts , Andrei Faraon

This lab note introduces the "Stokes Camera," a simple and novel experimental arrangement for real-time measurement of spatial amplitude and polarisation and thus spatially resolved Stokes parameters. It uses a polarisation sensitive camera…

Optics · Physics 2023-08-31 Mitchell A. Cox , Carmelo Rosales Guzmán

Characterizing the intensity, phase, and polarization of engineered light is fundamental to understanding and applying metasurfaces. However, existing characterization frameworks are hindered by several limitations, most notably their…

Optics · Physics 2026-02-20 Xinjie Sun , Xin Liu , Zixin Cai , Yanghui Li , Xu Liu , Xiang Hao