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The tentative detection by the EDGES experiment of a global 21-cm absorption trough centered at redshift 17 opens up the opportunity to study the birth of the first luminous sources, the intensity of radiation backgrounds at cosmic dawn,…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-07-18 Piero Madau

We examine the results from the Experiment to Detect the Global Epoch of Reionization Signature (EDGES), which has recently claimed the detection of a strong absorption in the 21 cm hyperfine transition line of neutral hydrogen, at…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-06-06 Samuel Witte , Pablo Villanueva-Domingo , Stefano Gariazzo , Olga Mena , Sergio Palomares-Ruiz

The experiment to detect the global epoch of reionization signature (EDGES) collaboration reported the detection of a line at 78MHz in the sky-averaged spectrum due to neutral hydrogen (HI) 21-cm hyperfine absorption of cosmic microwave…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-04-07 Matteo Leo , Tom Theuns , Carlton M. Baugh , Baojiu Li , Silvia Pascoli

The Experiment to Detect the Global Epoch of Reionization 21 cm Signal (EDGES) has reported evidence for an absorption feature in the sky-averaged radio background near 78 MHz. A cosmological interpretation of this signal corresponds to…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-30 Alexandra Nelander , Christopher Cain , Jordan C J DSilva , Peter H Sims , Rogier A Windhorst , Judd D Bowman

In 2018 the EDGES experiment claimed the first detection of the global cosmic 21cm signal, which featured an absorption trough centered around $z \sim 17$ with a depth of approximately -500mK. This amplitude is deeper than the standard…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-06-11 Junsong Cang , Andrei Mesinger , Steven G. Murray , Daniela Breitman , Yuxiang Qin , Roberto Trotta

Any particle dark matter (DM) scenario featuring a suppressed power spectrum of astrophysical relevance results in a delay of galaxy formation. As a consequence, such scenarios can be constrained using the global 21-cm absorption signal…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-10-03 Aurel Schneider

The Experiment to Detect the Global Epoch of Reionization Signature (EDGES) collaboration has reported the detection of an absorption feature in the sky-averaged spectrum at $\approx 78$ MHz. This signal has been interpreted as the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-08-27 J. Colin Hill , Eric J. Baxter

The recent tentative detection by the EDGES Low-Band antenna of the hydrogen 21-cm line from cosmic dawn, if confirmed, is the first ever signature observed from the epoch of primordial star formation. However, the magnitude and the shape…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-04-24 Anastasia Fialkov , Rennan Barkana

Apart from its anomalously large depth, the cosmological 21-cm absorption signal measured by the EDGES collaboration also has a shape that is distinctly different from theoretical predictions. Models with non-traditional components such as…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-08-03 Shikhar Mittal , Girish Kulkarni

Recently the EDGES experiment has claimed the detection of an absorption feature centered at 78 MHz. When interpreted as a signature of cosmic dawn, this feature appears at the correct wavelength (corresponding to a redshift range of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-08-15 Prateek Sharma

The cosmological 21-cm signal from neutral hydrogen, which is considered as a promising tool, is being used to observe and study the cosmic dawn (CD) and epoch of reionization (EoR). A significant part of this thesis focuses on the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-11-23 Ankita Bera

The Experiment to Detect the Global Epoch of Reionisation Signature (EDGES) collaboration has recently reported an important result related to the absorption signal in the Cosmic Microwave Background radiation spectrum. This signal…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-06-30 Saurya Das , Mitja Fridman , Gaetano Lambiase , Antonio Stabile , Elias C. Vagenas

The 21cm global signal is an important probe to reveal the properties of the first astrophysical objects and the processes of the structure formation from which one can constrain astrophysical and cosmological parameters. To extract the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-05-22 Shintaro Yoshiura , Teppei Minoda , Tomo Takahashi

The EDGES collaboration reported the finding of an unexpectedly deep absorption in the radio background at 78 MHz and interpreted the dip as a first detection of redshifted 21-cm from Cosmic Dawn. We have attempted an alternate analysis,…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-07-31 Saurabh Singh , Ravi Subrahmanyan

In the most distant reaches of the Universe, the 21-cm hyperfine transition in neutral hydrogen provides one of the only available tracers of large-scale structure. A number of instruments have been working and planned to measure the 21-cm…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-03-15 Teppei Minoda , Shohei Saga , Tomo Takahashi , Hiroyuki Tashiro , Daisuke Yamauchi , Shuichiro Yokoyama , Shintaro Yoshiura

We report constraints on the global $21$ cm signal due to neutral hydrogen at redshifts $14.8 \geq z \geq 6.5$. We derive our constraints from low foreground observations of the average sky brightness spectrum conducted with the EDGES…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-10-04 Raul A. Monsalve , Alan E. E. Rogers , Judd D. Bowman , Thomas J. Mozdzen

It has been claimed that traditional models struggle to explain the tentative detection of the 21\,cm absorption trough centered at $z\sim17$ measured by the EDGES collaboration. On the other hand, it has been shown that the EDGES results…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-10-31 Ankita Bera , Sultan Hassan , Aaron Smith , Renyue Cen , Enrico Garaldi , Rahul Kannan , Mark Vogelsberger

Within standard $\Lambda$CDM cosmology, Population III (Pop III) star formation in minihalos of mass $M_\mathrm{halo}\gtrsim 5\times10^5$ M$_\odot$ provides the first stellar sources of Lyman$\alpha$ (Ly$\alpha$) photons. The Experiment to…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-05-29 Anna T. P. Schauer , Boyuan Liu , Volker Bromm

In the current era of JWST, we continue to uncover a wealth of information about the Universe deep into the Epoch of Reionization. In this work, we use a suite of simulations with 21cmSPACE, to explore the astrophysical properties of early…

Cosmic Dawn, when the first stars and proto-galaxies began to form, is commonly expected to be accompanied by an absorption signature at radio frequencies. This feature arises as Lyman-$\alpha$ photons emitted by these first luminous…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-01-15 Peter H. Sims , Jonathan C. Pober
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