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In the study of the evolution of cooperation, many mechanisms have been proposed to help overcome the self-interested cheating that is individually optimal in the Prisoners' Dilemma game. These mechanisms include assortative or networked…

Physics and Society · Physics 2022-05-03 Daniel B. Cooney

In recent years, agents have become capable of communicating seamlessly via natural language and navigating in environments that involve cooperation and competition, a fact that can introduce social dilemmas. Due to the interleaving of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Maayan Orner , Oleg Maksimov , Akiva Kleinerman , Charles Ortiz , Sarit Kraus

It is a challenging task to reach global cooperation among self-interested agents, which often requires sophisticated design or usage of incentives. For example, we may apply supervisors or referees who are able to detect and punish…

Physics and Society · Physics 2024-12-20 Ting Ling , Zhang Li , Minyu Feng , Attila Szolnoki

In this work we study a weak Prisoner\^as Dilemma game in which both strategies and update rules are subjected to evolutionary pressure. Interactions among agents are specified by complex topologies, and we consider both homogeneous and…

Physics and Society · Physics 2010-11-13 A. Cardillo , J. Gomez-Gardenes , D. Vilone , A. Sanchez

This paper investigates how natural language communication with an AI agent affects human cooperative behaviour in indefinitely repeated Prisoner's Dilemma games. We conduct a laboratory experiment (n = 126) with two between-subjects…

General Economics · Economics 2026-03-18 Chowdhury Mohammad Sakib Anwar , Konstantinos Georgalos

The paper studies the emergence and stability of cooperative behavior in populations of agents who interact among themselves in Prisoner's Dilemma games and who are allowed to choose their partners. The population is then subject to…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2007-05-23 Pawel Sobkowicz

The problem of two companies of agents with one-step memory playing game is investigated in the context of the Iterated Prisoner's Dilemma under the partial imitation rule, where a player can imitate only those moves that he has observed in…

Physics and Society · Physics 2011-04-01 Liangsheng Zhang , Wenjin Chen , Mathis Antony , K. Y. Szeto

We have studied the impact of time-dependent learning capacities of players in the framework of spatial prisoner's dilemma game. In our model, this capacity of players may decrease or increase in time after strategy adoption according to a…

Physics and Society · Physics 2010-09-21 Attila Szolnoki , Zhen Wang , Jinlong Wang , Xiaodan Zhu

Many studies have applied reinforcement learning to train a dialog policy and show great promise these years. One common approach is to employ a user simulator to obtain a large number of simulated user experiences for reinforcement…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-24 Ryuichi Takanobu , Runze Liang , Minlie Huang

This paper introduces a novel framework for modeling interacting humans in a multi-stage game. This "iterated semi network-form game" framework has the following desirable characteristics: (1) Bounded rational players, (2) strategic players…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2012-07-05 Ritchie Lee , David H. Wolpert , James Bono , Scott Backhaus , Russell Bent , Brendan Tracey

The world in which we are living is a huge network of networks and should be described by interdependent networks. The interdependence between networks significantly affects the evolutionary dynamics of cooperation on them. Meanwhile, due…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-06-19 Baokui Wang , Zhenhua Pei , Long Wang

The Prisoner's dilemma is the main game theoretical framework in which the onset and maintainance of cooperation in biological populations is studied. In the spatial version of the model, we study the robustness of cooperation in…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2009-11-07 Mendeli H. Vainstein , Jeferson J. Arenzon

The Iterated Prisoner's Dilemma with Choice and Refusal (IPD/CR) is an extension of the Iterated Prisoner's Dilemma with evolution that allows players to choose and to refuse their game partners. From individual behaviors, behavioral…

adap-org · Physics 2012-08-29 Mark D. Smucker , E. Ann Stanley , Dan Ashlock

Mixed-motive scenarios are ubiquitous in real-world multi-agent interactions, where self-interested agents often defect for immediate rewards, overlooking the potential of altruistic cooperation to improve long-term gains and collective…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Min Tang , Fanqi Kong , Linyuan Lü , Xue Feng

In multiagent environments, the capability of learning is important for an agent to behave appropriately in face of unknown opponents and dynamic environment. From the system designer's perspective, it is desirable if the agents can learn…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-03-09 Chengwei Zhang , Xiaohong Li , Jianye Hao , Siqi Chen , Karl Tuyls , Wanli Xue

We will study a population of individuals playing the infinitely repeated Prisoner's Dilemma under replicator dynamics. The population consists of three kinds of individuals using the following reactive strategies: ALLD (individuals which…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2015-09-04 Irene Núñez Rodríguez , Armando G. M. Neves

Recent advances in deep reinforcement learning (RL) have led to considerable progress in many 2-player zero-sum games, such as Go, Poker and Starcraft. The purely adversarial nature of such games allows for conceptually simple and…

Designing hierarchical reinforcement learning algorithms that exhibit safe behaviour is not only vital for practical applications but also, facilitates a better understanding of an agent's decisions. We tackle this problem in the options…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-07-01 Arushi Jain , Khimya Khetarpal , Doina Precup

Strategies incorporating direct reciprocity, e.g., Tit-for-Tat and Pavlov, have been shown to be successful for playing the Iterated Prisoners Dilemma (IPD), a paradigmatic problem for studying the evolution of cooperation among non-kin…

Physics and Society · Physics 2016-09-29 V. Sasidevan , Sitabhra Sinha

In a two-stage repeated classical game of prisoners' dilemma the knowledge that both players will defect in the second stage makes the players to defect in the first stage as well. We find a quantum version of this repeated game where the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-26 A. Iqbal , A. H. Toor