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By leveraging quantum-mechanical properties like superposition, entanglement, and interference, quantum computing (QC) offers promising solutions for problems that classical computing has not been able to solve efficiently, such as drug…
Technological progress has led to powerful computers and communication technologies that penetrate nowadays all areas of science, industry and our private lives. As a consequence, all these areas are generating digital traces of data…
There are pronounced differences in the extent to which industrial and academic AI labs use computing resources. We provide a data-driven survey of the role of the compute divide in shaping machine learning research. We show that a compute…
Scientific software often presents very particular requirements regarding usability, which is often completely overlooked in this setting. As computational science has emerged as its own discipline, distinct from theoretical and…
Science advances not only through the accumulation of facts but also through the evolution of tools. Crucially, tools are rarely used in isolation. They form tool portfolios, combinations shaped by a discipline's workflows and analytical…
As testified by new regulations like the European AI act, the worries about the societal impact of (autonomous) software technologies are becoming of public concern. Social and human values, besides the traditional software behaviour and…
Computing devices are vital to all areas of modern life and permeate every aspect of our society. The ubiquity of computing and our reliance on it has been accelerated and amplified by the COVID-19 pandemic. From education to work…
Many theories of scientific and technological progress imagine science as an iterative, developmental process periodically interrupted by innovations which disrupt and restructure the status quo. Due to the immense societal value created by…
Cognitive computing (COC) aims to embed human cognition into computerized models. However, there is no scientific classification that delineates the nature of Cognitive Computing. Unlike the medical and computer science fields, Information…
Academic institutions and their staff use, adapt and create software. We're thinking of business tools used to carry out their mission: teaching management (Moodle) or subject teaching support (such as Maxima for formal calculus), for…
Scientific knowledge increasingly depends on complex computational processes where both hardware and software layers can influence research outcomes. As computational complexity grows, classical-quantum integration provides a lens for…
Scientific models hold the key to better understanding and predicting the behavior of complex systems. The most comprehensive manifestation of a scientific model, including crucial assumptions and parameters that underpin its usability, is…
The extent to which the benefits of science can be fully realized depends critically upon the quality of the connection between researchers themselves and between researchers and members of the public. We believe that it is now possible to…
Those designing autonomous systems that interact with humans will invariably face questions about how humans think and make decisions. Fortunately, computational cognitive science offers insight into human decision-making using tools that…
Graphics (e.g., figures and charts) are ubiquitous in scientific papers, yet separating graphics from text increases cognitive load in understanding text-graphic connections. Research has found that word-scale graphics, or visual…
A large number of computational scientific research projects make use of open source software packages. However, the development process of such tools frequently differs from conventional software development; partly because of the nature…
This paper proposes a new conceptual framework called Collective Predictive Coding as a Model of Science (CPC-MS) to formalize and understand scientific activities. Building on the idea of collective predictive coding originally developed…
This paper presents multi- and interdisciplinary approaches for finding the appropriate AI technologies for research information. Professional research information management (RIM) is becoming increasingly important as an expressly…
Scientific fact-checking aims to determine the veracity of scientific claims by retrieving and analysing evidence from research literature. The problem is inherently more complex than general fact-checking since it must accommodate the…
High-quality computational and data-intensive (CDI) applications are critical for advancing research frontiers in almost all disciplines. Despite their importance, there is a significant gap due to the lack of comprehensive best practices…