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The minimum energy path (MEP) describes the mechanism of reaction, and the energy barrier along the path can be used to calculate the reaction rate in thermal systems. The nudged elastic band (NEB) method is one of the most commonly used…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-03-24 Xuanyu Liu , Huajie Chen , Christoph Ortner

A problem studied in Systems Biology is how to find shortest paths in metabolic networks. Unfortunately, simple (i.e., graph theoretic) shortest paths do not properly reflect biochemical facts. An approach to overcome this issue is to use…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2010-12-23 Sandor Fekete , Tom Kamphans , Michael Stelzer

Mapping the chemical reaction pathways and their corresponding activation barriers is a significant challenge in molecular simulation. Given the inherent complexities of 3D atomic geometries, even generating an initial guess of these paths…

Computational Physics · Physics 2025-01-24 Akihide Hayashi , So Takamoto , Ju Li , Yuta Tsuboi , Daisuke Okanohara

The Chain-of-states(CoS) methods like nudge elastic band(NEB) method can be used to determine the minimum energy path (MEP) and transition state (TS) between two end local minima. However, the CoS methods are inefficient for difficult cases…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2019-04-16 Sky , Zhang , Hai Xiao , Jun Li

Model reduction methods are relevant when the computation time of a full convection-diffusion-reaction simulation based on detailed chemical reaction mechanisms is too large. In this article, we review a model reduction approach based on…

Computational Physics · Physics 2014-05-20 Dirk Lebiedz , Jochen Siehr

Many chemical reactions can be formulated in terms of particle diffusion in a complex energy landscape. Transition path theory (TPT) is a theoretical framework for describing the direct (reaction) pathways from reactant to product states…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-10-03 Paul C Bressloff

Describing chemical reactions in solution on a molecular level is a challenging task due to the high mobility of weakly interacting solvent molecules which requires configurational sampling. For instance, polar and protic solvents can…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2025-10-22 Paul L. Türtscher , Markus Reiher

Transition path sampling is a method for estimating the rates of rare events in molecular systems based on the gradual transformation of a path distribution containing a small fraction of reactive trajectories into a biased distribution in…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-10-28 Pierre Terrier , Mihai-Cosmin Marinica , Manuel Athènes

We present a molecular simulation method to simultaneously find multiple transition pathways, and their associated free-energy profiles. The scheme extends path-metadynamics (PMD) [Phys. Rev. Lett. 109, 020601 (2012)] with multiple paths…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-06-23 Alberto Pérez de Alba Ortíz , Bernd Ensing

Pathways-reduced analysis is one of the techniques used by the Fispact-II nuclear activation and transmutation software to study the sensitivity of the computed inventories to uncertainties in reaction cross-sections. Although deciding…

Computational Physics · Physics 2016-05-19 Wayne Arter , J. Guy Morgan , Samuel D. Relton , Nicholas J. Higham

Sampled structure sequences obtained, for instance, from real-time reactivity explorations or first-principles molecular dynamics simulations contain valuable information about chemical reactivity. Eventually, such sequences allow for the…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2018-04-25 Michael A. Heuer , Alain C. Vaucher , Moritz P. Haag , Markus Reiher

We introduce a computational framework for generating realistic transition paths between distinct conformations of large bio-molecular systems. The method is built on a stochastic integro-differential formulation derived from the Langevin…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2025-12-02 Patrice Koehl , Marc Delarue , Henri Orland

This paper deals with temporal enzyme distribution in the activation of biochemical pathways. Pathway activation arises when production of a certain biomolecule is required due to changing environmental conditions. Under the premise that…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2008-01-17 Diego Oyarzún , Brian Ingalls , Richard Middleton , Dimitrios Kalamatianos

Disentangling the mechanistic details of a chemical reaction pathway is a hard problem that often requires a considerable amount of chemical intuition and a component of luck. Experiments struggle in observing short-life metastable…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2019-08-01 Valerio Rizzi , Dan Mendels , Emilia Sicilia , Michele Parrinello

Molecular systems often remain trapped for long times around some local minimum of the potential energy function, before switching to another one -- a behavior known as metastability. Simulating transition paths linking one metastable state…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-02-02 Tony Lelièvre , Geneviève Robin , Inass Sekkat , Gabriel Stoltz , Gabriel Victorino Cardoso

The Bell-Evans-Polanyi principle that is valid for a chemical reaction that proceeds along the reaction coordinate over the transition state is extended to molecular dynamics trajectories that in general do not cross the dividing surface…

Computational Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Shantanu Roy , Waldemar Hellmann , Stefan Goedecker

We study the trajectories of a solution $X_t$ to an It\^o stochastic differential equation in $\Rm^d$, as the process passes between two disjoint open sets, $A$ and $B$. These segments of the trajectory are called transition paths or…

Probability · Mathematics 2013-03-08 Jianfeng Lu , James Nolen

We define a subclass of Chemical Reaction Networks called Post-Translational Modification systems. Important biological examples of such systems include MAPK cascades and two-component systems which are well-studied experimentally as well…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2011-07-19 Elisenda Feliu , Carsten Wiuf

Perturbative methods are attractive to describe the electronic structure of molecular systems because of their low-computational cost and systematically improvable character. In this work, a two-step perturbative approach is introduced…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2023-11-15 Loris Delafosse , Amr Hussein , Saad Yalouz , Vincent Robert

The paper has two goals: It presents basic ideas, notions, and methods for reduction of reaction kinetics models: quasi-steady-state, quasi-equilibrium, slow invariant manifolds, and limiting steps. It describes briefly the current state of…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2022-05-17 A. N. Gorban