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We show that model-based Bayesian clustering, the probabilistically most systematic approach to the partitioning of data, can be mapped into a statistical physics problem for a gas of particles, and as a result becomes amenable to a…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2018-10-24 Alexander Mozeika , Anthony CC Coolen

Commonly-used clustering algorithms usually find ellipsoidal, spherical or other regular-structured clusters, but are more challenged when the underlying groups lack formal structure or definition. Syncytial clustering is the name that we…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-07-30 Israel Almodóvar-Rivera , Ranjan Maitra

Generative approaches to clustering provide information on geometric properties of clusters, whereas discriminative approaches provide boundaries between clusters. Ideas from both approaches are incorporated to present a fully unsupervised,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-04-28 Mackenzie R. Neal , Paul D. McNicholas , Arthur White

A family of parsimonious ultrametric mixture models with the Manly transformation is developed for clustering high-dimensional and asymmetric data. Advances in Gaussian mixture modeling sufficiently handle high-dimensional data but struggle…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-12-16 Alexa A. Sochaniwsky , Paul D. McNicholas

We study the Nonparametric Maximum Likelihood Estimator (NPMLE) for estimating Gaussian location mixture densities in $d$-dimensions from independent observations. Unlike usual likelihood-based methods for fitting mixtures, NPMLEs are based…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-07-09 Sujayam Saha , Adityanand Guntuboyina

Cluster sampling is common in survey practice, and the corresponding inference has been predominantly design-based. We develop a Bayesian framework for cluster sampling and account for the design effect in the outcome modeling. We consider…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-06-24 Susanna Makela , Yajuan Si , Andrew Gelman

Recent advances in engineering technologies have enabled the collection of a large number of longitudinal features. This wealth of information presents unique opportunities for researchers to investigate the complex nature of diseases and…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-11-27 Zihang Lu , Noirrit Kiran Chandra

In the context of cluster analysis and graph partitioning, many external evaluation measures have been proposed in the literature to compare two partitions of the same set. This makes the task of selecting the most appropriate measure for a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-09 Nejat Arinik , Vincent Labatut , Rosa Figueiredo

We consider the problem of grouping items into clusters based on few random pairwise comparisons between the items. We introduce three closely related algorithms for this task: a belief propagation algorithm approximating the Bayes optimal…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2016-08-26 Alaa Saade , Marc Lelarge , Florent Krzakala , Lenka Zdeborová

We evaluate the misclustering probability of a spectral clustering algorithm under a Gaussian mixture model with a general covariance structure. The algorithm partitions the data into two groups based on the sign of the first principal…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-04-13 Kohei Kawamoto , Yuichi Goto , Koji Tsukuda

We investigate a novel non-parametric regression-based clustering algorithm for longitudinal data analysis. Combining natural cubic splines with Gaussian mixture models (GMM), the algorithm can produce smooth cluster means that describe the…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-09-20 Peter Mlakar , Tapio Nummi , Polona Oblak , Jana Faganeli Pucer

We consider the problem of Gaussian mixture clustering in the high-dimensional limit where the data consists of $m$ points in $n$ dimensions, $n,m \rightarrow \infty$ and $\alpha = m/n$ stays finite. Using exact but non-rigorous methods…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-03-24 Thibault Lesieur , Caterina De Bacco , Jess Banks , Florent Krzakala , Cris Moore , Lenka Zdeborová

Robust statistical data modelling under potential model mis-specification often requires leaving the parametric world for the nonparametric. In the latter, parameters are infinite dimensional objects such as functions, probability…

Graphical model has been widely used to investigate the complex dependence structure of high-dimensional data, and it is common to assume that observed data follow a homogeneous graphical model. However, observations usually come from…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-01-01 Kevin Lee , Lingzhou Xue

Finite Gaussian mixture models are widely used for model-based clustering of continuous data. Nevertheless, since the number of model parameters scales quadratically with the number of variables, these models can be easily…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-09-25 Michael Fop , Thomas Brendan Murphy , Luca Scrucca

In the framework of Bayesian model-based clustering based on a finite mixture of Gaussian distributions, we present a joint approach to estimate the number of mixture components and identify cluster-relevant variables simultaneously as well…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-06-23 Gertraud Malsiner-Walli , Sylvia Frühwirth-Schnatter , Bettina Grün

Unsupervised machine learning, and in particular data clustering, is a powerful approach for the analysis of datasets and identification of characteristic features occurring throughout a dataset. It is gaining popularity across scientific…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2021-03-23 Maria El Abbassi , Jan Overbeck , Oliver Braun , Michel Calame , Herre S. J. van der Zant , Mickael L. Perrin

The increasing needs of clustering massive datasets and the high cost of running clustering algorithms poses difficult problems for users. In this context it is important to determine if a data set is clusterable, that is, it may be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-08 Dan Simovici , Kaixun Hua

This paper introduces Bayesian frameworks for tackling various aspects of multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) problems, leveraging a probabilistic interpretation of MCDM methods and challenges. By harnessing the flexibility of Bayesian…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Majid Mohammadi

Unsupervised Anomaly Detection (UAD) plays a crucial role in identifying abnormal patterns within data without labeled examples, holding significant practical implications across various domains. Although the individual contributions of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Zeyu Fang , Ming Gu , Sheng Zhou , Jiawei Chen , Qiaoyu Tan , Haishuai Wang , Jiajun Bu