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Wasserstein distance is a key metric for quantifying data divergence from a distributional perspective. However, its application in privacy-sensitive environments, where direct sharing of raw data is prohibited, presents significant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Wenqian Li , Yan Pang

The distance and divergence of the probability measures play a central role in statistics, machine learning, and many other related fields. The Wasserstein distance has received much attention in recent years because of its distinctions…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-03-11 Qijun Tong , Kei Kobayashi

Ranking distributions according to a stochastic order has wide applications in diverse areas. Although stochastic dominance has received much attention, convex order, particularly in general dimensions, has yet to be investigated from a…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-01-15 Jakwang Kim , Young-Heon Kim , Yuanlong Ruan , Andrew Warren

We obtain explicit $p$-Wasserstein distance error bounds between the distribution of the multi-parameter MLE and the multivariate normal distribution. Our general bounds are given for possibly high-dimensional, independent and identically…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-12-28 Andreas Anastasiou , Robert E. Gaunt

This paper is focused on the study of entropic regularization in optimal transport as a smoothing method for Wasserstein estimators, through the prism of the classical tradeoff between approximation and estimation errors in statistics.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-10-30 Jérémie Bigot , Paul Freulon , Boris P. Hejblum , Arthur Leclaire

Domain adaptation aims at generalizing a high-performance learner on a target domain via utilizing the knowledge distilled from a source domain which has a different but related data distribution. One solution to domain adaptation is to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-03-12 Jian Shen , Yanru Qu , Weinan Zhang , Yong Yu

Optimal transport distances, otherwise known as Wasserstein distances, have recently drawn ample attention in computer vision and machine learning as a powerful discrepancy measure for probability distributions. The recent developments on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-11-11 Soheil Kolouri , Yang Zou , Gustavo K. Rohde

Optimal transport is a foundational problem in optimization, that allows to compare probability distributions while taking into account geometric aspects. Its optimal objective value, the Wasserstein distance, provides an important loss…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-21 Marin Ballu , Quentin Berthet , Francis Bach

Deep Reinforcement Learning (RL) is mainly studied in a setting where the training and the testing environments are similar. But in many practical applications, these environments may differ. For instance, in control systems, the robot(s)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Jean-Baptiste Gaya , Laure Soulier , Ludovic Denoyer

Wasserstein GANs are based on the idea of minimising the Wasserstein distance between a real and a generated distribution. We provide an in-depth mathematical analysis of differences between the theoretical setup and the reality of training…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-10-06 Jan Stanczuk , Christian Etmann , Lisa Maria Kreusser , Carola-Bibiane Schönlieb

The success of autoregressive models largely depends on the effectiveness of vector quantization, a technique that discretizes continuous features by mapping them to the nearest code vectors within a learnable codebook. Two critical issues…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-19 Xianghong Fang , Litao Guo , Hengchao Chen , Yuxuan Zhang , XiaofanXia , Dingjie Song , Yexin Liu , Hao Wang , Harry Yang , Yuan Yuan , Qiang Sun

In this paper we propose tight upper and lower bounds for the Wasserstein distance between any two {{univariate continuous distributions}} with probability densities $p_1$ and $p_2$ having nested supports. These explicit bounds are…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-10-21 Christophe Ley , Gesine Reinert , Yvik Swan

We introduce a new method for training generative adversarial networks by applying the Wasserstein-2 metric proximal on the generators. The approach is based on Wasserstein information geometry. It defines a parametrization invariant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-16 Alex Tong Lin , Wuchen Li , Stanley Osher , Guido Montufar

As opposed to standard empirical risk minimization (ERM), distributionally robust optimization aims to minimize the worst-case risk over a larger ambiguity set containing the original empirical distribution of the training data. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-06 Jaeho Lee , Maxim Raginsky

Many information retrieval algorithms rely on the notion of a good distance that allows to efficiently compare objects of different nature. Recently, a new promising metric called Word Mover's Distance was proposed to measure the divergence…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-05-14 Georgios Balikas , Charlotte Laclau , Ievgen Redko , Massih-Reza Amini

We introduce the observable Wasserstein distance, a framework for deriving lower bounds on the Wasserstein distance between probability measures on Polish metric spaces, designed to bypass the computational intractability of exact optimal…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2026-05-12 Edivaldo Lopes dos Santos , Leandro Vicente Mauri , Washington Mio , Tom Needham

We provide an implementation to compute the flat metric in any dimension. The flat metric, also called dual bounded Lipschitz distance, generalizes the well-known Wasserstein distance $W_1$ to the case that the distributions are of unequal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Henri Schmidt , Christian Düll

Estimating the density of a distribution from samples is a fundamental problem in statistics. In many practical settings, the Wasserstein distance is an appropriate error metric for density estimation. For example, when estimating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-01 Vitaly Feldman , Audra McMillan , Satchit Sivakumar , Kunal Talwar

We study the problem of estimating a sequence of evolving probability distributions from historical data, where the underlying distribution changes over time in a nonstationary and nonparametric manner. To capture gradual changes, we…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-12-16 Edward J. Anderson , Dominic S. T. Keehan

Mutual information maximization has emerged as a powerful learning objective for unsupervised representation learning obtaining state-of-the-art performance in applications such as object recognition, speech recognition, and reinforcement…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-29 Sherjil Ozair , Corey Lynch , Yoshua Bengio , Aaron van den Oord , Sergey Levine , Pierre Sermanet
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