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This paper focuses on approximation and learning performance analysis for deep convolutional neural networks with zero-padding and max-pooling. We prove that, to approximate $r$-smooth function, the approximation rates of deep convolutional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-08 Shao-Bo Lin

The expressivity of neural networks as a function of their depth, width and type of activation units has been an important question in deep learning theory. Recently, depth separation results for ReLU networks were obtained via a new…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-21 Vaggos Chatziafratis , Sai Ganesh Nagarajan , Ioannis Panageas

We study the approximation of shift-invariant or equivariant functions by deep fully convolutional networks from the dynamical systems perspective. We prove that deep residual fully convolutional networks and their continuous-layer…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-19 Ting Lin , Zuowei Shen , Qianxiao Li

Feedforward neural networks have wide applicability in various disciplines of science due to their universal approximation property. Some authors have shown that single hidden layer feedforward neural networks (SLFNs) with fixed weights…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2018-01-04 Namig J. Guliyev , Vugar E. Ismailov

This paper studies the numerical approximation of divergence-free vector fields by linearized shallow neural networks, also referred to as random feature models or finite neuron spaces. Combining the stable potential lifting for…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-03-31 Juncai He , Xinliang Liu , Zitong Tian

The universal approximation theorem, in one of its most general versions, says that if we consider only continuous activation functions $\sigma$, then a standard feedforward neural network with one hidden layer is able to approximate any…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-18 Kai Fong Ernest Chong

Solutions of evolution equation generally lies in certain Bochner-Sobolev spaces, in which the solution may has regularity and integrability properties for the time variable that can be different for the space variables. Therefore, in this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-18 Ahmed Abdeljawad , Philipp Grohs

This study explores the number of neurons required for a Rectified Linear Unit (ReLU) neural network to approximate multivariate monomials. We establish an exponential lower bound on the complexity of any shallow network approximating the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-17 Itai Shapira

When studying the expressive power of neural networks, a main challenge is to understand how the size and depth of the network affect its ability to approximate real functions. However, not all functions are interesting from a practical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-30 Gal Vardi , Daniel Reichman , Toniann Pitassi , Ohad Shamir

"Deep Learning"/"Deep Neural Nets" is a technological marvel that is now increasingly deployed at the cutting-edge of artificial intelligence tasks. This dramatic success of deep learning in the last few years has been hinged on an enormous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-30 Anirbit Mukherjee

This paper explores the expressive power of deep neural networks through the framework of function compositions. We demonstrate that the repeated compositions of a single fixed-size ReLU network exhibit surprising expressive power, despite…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-01 Shijun Zhang , Jianfeng Lu , Hongkai Zhao

We investigate the dependence of the approximation capacity of deep residual networks on its depth in a continuous dynamical systems setting. This can be formulated as the general problem of quantifying the minimal time-horizon required to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Jingpu Cheng , Qianxiao Li , Ting Lin , Zuowei Shen

This paper investigates the $L_p$ approximation error for higher order Korobov functions using deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) with ReLU activation. For target functions having a mixed derivative of order m+1 in each direction, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Yuwen Li , Guozhi Zhang

There has been a recent shift in sequence-to-sequence modeling from recurrent network architectures to convolutional network architectures due to computational advantages in training and operation while still achieving competitive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-29 Joshua Hanson , Maxim Raginsky

Universal approximation theorems provide a mathematical explanation for the expressive power of neural networks. They assert that, under mild conditions on the activation function, feedforward neural networks are dense in broad function…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Soumendu Sundar Mukherjee , Himasish Talukdar

We examine the necessary and sufficient complexity of neural networks to approximate functions from different smoothness spaces under the restriction of encodable network weights. Based on an entropy argument, we start by proving lower…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2020-09-21 Ingo Gühring , Mones Raslan

We prove some new results concerning the approximation rate of neural networks with general activation functions. Our first result concerns the rate of approximation of a two layer neural network with a polynomially-decaying non-sigmoidal…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2021-01-05 Jonathan W. Siegel , Jinchao Xu

Recent years have witnessed a hot wave of deep neural networks in various domains; however, it is not yet well understood theoretically. A theoretical characterization of deep neural networks should point out their approximation ability and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-28 Gao Zhang , Jin-Hui Wu , Shao-Qun Zhang

We study the type of solutions to which stochastic gradient descent converges when used to train a single hidden-layer multivariate ReLU network with the quadratic loss. Our results are based on a dynamical stability analysis. In the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-03 Mor Shpigel Nacson , Rotem Mulayoff , Greg Ongie , Tomer Michaeli , Daniel Soudry

Rectifier (ReLU) deep neural networks (DNN) and their connection with piecewise affine (PWA) functions is analyzed. The paper is an effort to find and study the possibility of representing explicit state feedback policy of model predictive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-06 Saman Fahandezh-Saadi , Masayoshi Tomizuka