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Gradual transformation of the epidermal stem cells to corneocytes involves a chain of chronologically well-arranged events that mostly stimulated locally by their neighbors. Cell diversity that observed during the differentiation through…
Rotobreathers in the chain of coupled linearly elastic rotators are analyzed. Each rotator is a particle connected by a massless elastic rod with a frictionless pivot; it has two degrees of freedom, length and angle of rotation. The rods of…
The auditory ossicles that are located in the middle ear are the smallest bones in the human body. Their damage will result in hearing loss. It is therefore important to be able to automatically diagnose ossicles' diseases based on Computed…
Certain short polycations, such as TAT and polyarginine, rapidly pass through the plasma membranes of mammalian cells by an unknown mechanism called transduction as well as by endocytosis and macropinocytosis. These cell-penetrating…
Hormonal processes along with enzymatic processing similar to that found in vertebrates occur in annelids. Amino acid sequence determination of annelids precursor gene products reveals the presence of the respective peptides that exhibit…
The consensus, according to which the transmission of sound from the tympanum to the Outer Hair Cells is solely mechanical, is problematic, especially with respect to high pitched sounds. We demonstrate that the collagenous fibers of the…
We consider a variety of settings involving chains with one or more defects stemming from the introduction of nodes bearing internal resonators. Motivated by experimental results in woodpile elastic lattices with one or two defects, we…
Epicardial adipose tissue is a type of adipose tissue located between the heart wall and a protective layer around the heart called the pericardium. The volume and thickness of epicardial adipose tissue are linked to various cardiovascular…
We summarize masses and radii for a number of white dwarfs as deduced from a combination of proper motion studies, Hipparcos parallax distances, effective temperatures, and binary or spectroscopic masses. A puzzling feature of these data is…
Recent advances in material technology and in micro- and nano-electronics have profoundly changed the design of intracranial electrophysiology electrodes. It is now possible to manufacture electrodes that record cortical activity at a…
The tissue source of type I collagen is critical to ensure scalability and regulation-friendly clinical translation of new medical device prototypes. However, the selection of a commercial source of collagen that fulfils both aforementioned…
Introduction: Raoellidae are small artiodactyls retrieved from the middle Eocene of Asia (ca. -47 Ma) and closely related to stem Cetacea. Morphological observations of their endocranial structures allow for outlining some of the early…
The cochlea, the auditory part of the inner ear, is a spiral-shaped organ with large morphological variability. An individualized assessment of its shape is essential for clinical applications related to tonotopy and cochlear implantation.…
Degradation of joint cartilages can result in osteoarthritis (OA) affecting about 10\% of the US population and responsible for significant hospitalization costs. While observations show that low dose radiation treatments (LDRT) bring…
Atherosclerotic plaques form in artery walls due to a chronic inflammatory response driven by lipid accumulation. A key component of the inflammatory response is the interaction between monocyte-derived macrophages and extracellular lipid.…
Background: Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation therapy is highly investigated for the regenerative repair of cartilage defects. Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) has the potential to promote chondrogenic differentiation of…
Research in dolphin communication and cognition requires detailed inspection of audible dolphin signals. The manual analysis of these signals is cumbersome and time-consuming. We seek to automate parts of the analysis using modern deep…
Changes in lattice structure across sub-regions of protein crystals are challenging to assess when relying on whole crystal measurements. Because of this difficulty, macromolecular structure determination from protein micro and nano…
The structure of the cuticle of arthropods consists of layers of microfilamentary chitin particles. The layers are stacked one on top of the other realizing a helical (Bouligand helix) pattern. This structure generates optical phenomena…
Phagocytosis is the fundamental cellular process by which eukaryotic cells bind and engulf particles by their cell membrane. Particle engulfment involves particle recognition by cell-surface receptors, signaling and remodeling of the actin…