Related papers: Assessing student's achievement gap between ethnic…

The socioeconomic background of people and how they use standard forms of language are not independent, as demonstrated in various sociolinguistic studies. However, the extent to which these correlations may be influenced by the mixing of…

Since the foundational work of William Labov on the social stratification of language (Labov, 1964), linguistics has made concentrated efforts to explore the links between sociodemographic characteristics and language production and…

This paper applies existing and new approaches to study trends in the performance of elite athletes over time. We study both track and field scores of men and women athletes on a yearly basis from 2001 to 2019, revealing several trends and…

College students graduating in a recession have been shown to face large and persistent negative effects on their earnings, health, and other outcomes. This paper investigates whether students delay graduation to avoid these effects. Using…

The question of how to best serve the student populations of our country is a complex topic. Since public funding is limited, we must explore the best ways to direct the money to improve student outcomes. Previous research has suggested…

Mathematics is a compulsory subject in Nigerian secondary schools, and the subject plays an important role in the scientific and technological growth and development of the nation. A shortfall in the knowledge of the students in Mathematics…

When a model's performance differs across socially or culturally relevant groups--like race, gender, or the intersections of many such groups--it is often called "biased." While much of the work in algorithmic fairness over the last several…

Finetuning pre-trained language models with small amounts of data is a commonly-used method to create translators for ultra-low resource languages such as endangered Indigenous languages. However, previous works have reported substantially…

This study investigates the factors associated with failure in each of the four thematic units of a General Statistics course offered at a private university in Colombia. Unlike traditional analyses that treat performance as a single…

As large language models (LLMs) expand multilingual capabilities, questions remain about the equity of their performance across languages. While many communities stand to benefit from AI systems, the dominance of English in training data…

Predictive models for identifying at-risk students early can help teaching staff direct resources to better support them, but there is a growing concern about the fairness of algorithmic systems in education. Predictive models may…

This paper explores various socioeconomic factors that contribute to individual financial success using machine learning algorithms and approaches. Financial success, a critical aspect of all individual's well-being, is a complex concept…

This study employs an ex-post facto research design to explore the fluctuations of gender difference in academic achievement among graduating students of mathematics education. Graduation statistics for a total of 1106 graduating students…

Same-race mentorship preference refers to mentors or mentees forming connections significantly influenced by a shared race. Although racial diversity in science has been well-studied and linked to favorable outcomes, the extent and effects…

Fairness in deep learning models trained with high-dimensional inputs and subjective labels remains a complex and understudied area. Facial emotion recognition, a domain where datasets are often racially imbalanced, can lead to models that…

Concerns about representation in computing within the U.S. have driven numerous activities to broaden participation. Assessment of the impact of these efforts and, indeed, a clear assessment of the actual "problem" being addressed are…

Immigration has shaped many nations, posing the challenge of integrating immigrants into society. While economists often focus on immigrants' economic outcomes compared to natives (such as education, labor market success, and health) social…

We present a conceptual model to measure disparity--the target study--where social groups may be similarly situated (i.e., balanced) on allowable covariates. Our model, based on a sampling design, does not intervene to assign social group…

Data imbalance is a fundamental challenge in applying language models to biomedical applications, particularly in ICD code prediction tasks where label and demographic distributions are uneven. While state-of-the-art language models have…

Excellent students are not only those who master more effective and efficient learning techniques to acquire and apply information. Even in the absence of correct learning, they are able to self-motivate, evaluate, and adjust their…