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Motivated by the burning and cooling processes, the burning game is introduced. The game is played on a graph $G$ by the two players (Burner and Staller) that take turns selecting vertices of $G$ to burn; as in the burning process, burning…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-09-18 Nina Chiarelli , Vesna Iršič , Marko Jakovac , William B. Kinnersley , Mirjana Mikalački

The eternal graph colouring problem, recently introduced by Klostermeyer and Mendoza, is a version of the graph colouring game, where two players take turns properly colouring a graph. In this note, we study the eternal game chromatic…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-03-02 Vojtěch Dvořák , Rebekah Herrman , Peter van Hintum

As the class $\mathcal T_4$ of graphs of twin-width at most 4 contains every finite subgraph of the infinite grid and every graph obtained by subdividing each edge of an $n$-vertex graph at least $2 \log n$ times, most NP-hard graph…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Édouard Bonnet

Let $k$ be an positive integer. For any two integers $i$ and $j$ in $\{0,1,\dots,k-1\}$, let $|i-j|_k=\min\{|i-j|,k-|i-j|\}$ be the circular distance between $i$ and $j$. Let $t$ be a nonnegative integer. Suppose $f$ is a mapping from…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-10-17 Dan He , Wensong Lin

Consider the following random process: The vertices of a binomial random graph $G_{n,p}$ are revealed one by one, and at each step only the edges induced by the already revealed vertices are visible. Our goal is to assign to each vertex one…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-02-16 Torsten Mütze , Thomas Rast , Reto Spöhel

Indicated coloring is a graph coloring game in which two players collectively color the vertices of a graph in the following way. In each round the first player (Ann) selects a vertex, and then the second player (Ben) colors it properly,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-02-07 P. Francis , S. Francis Raj , M. Gokulnath

An incidence of a graph $G$ is a vertex-edge pair $(v,e)$ such that $v$ is incidence with $e$. A conflict-free incidence coloring of a graph is a coloring of the incidences in such a way that two incidences $(u,e)$ and $(v,f)$ get distinct…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-10-11 Mengke Qi , Xin Zhang

In the game of Graph Nimors, two players alternately perform graph minor operations (deletion and contraction of edges) on a graph until no edges remain, at which point the player who last moved wins. We present theoretical and experimental…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-04-15 Matthew Skala

We present a randomized algorithm that takes as input an undirected $n$-vertex graph $G$ with maximum degree $\Delta$ and an integer $k > 3\Delta$, and returns a random proper $k$-coloring of $G$. The distribution of the coloring is…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-05-22 Siddharth Bhandari , Sayantan Chakraborty

Liminal burning generalizes both the burning and cooling processes in graphs. In $k$-liminal burning, a Saboteur reveals $k$-sets of vertices in each round, with the goal of extending the length of the game, and the Arsonist must choose…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-05-19 Anthony Bonato , Trent G. Marbach , John Marcoux , Teddy Mishura

We consider biased $(1:b)$ Avoider-Enforcer games in the monotone and strict versions. In particular, we show that Avoider can keep his graph being a forest for every but maybe the last round of the game if $b \geq 200 n \ln n$. By this we…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-03-12 Dennis Clemens , Julia Ehrenmüller , Yury Person , Tuan Tran

A seminal palette sparsification result of Assadi, Chen, and Khanna states that in every $n$-vertex graph of maximum degree $\Delta$, sampling $\Theta(\log n)$ colors per vertex from $\{1, \ldots, \Delta+1\}$ almost certainly allows for a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Abhishek Dhawan

Consider a graph $G = (V, E)$ and, for each vertex $v \in V$, a subset $\Sigma(v)$ of neighbors of $v$. A $\Sigma$-coloring is a coloring of the elements of $V$ so that vertices appearing together in some $\Sigma(v)$ receive pairwise…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-09-26 Zdenek Dvorak , Louis Esperet

For a positive integer $k$, a $k$-colouring of a graph $G=(V,E)$ is a mapping $c: V\rightarrow\{1,2,...,k\}$ such that $c(u)\neq c(v)$ whenever $uv\in E$. The Colouring problem is to decide, for a given $G$ and $k$, whether a $k$-colouring…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2016-02-16 Petr A. Golovach , Matthew Johnson , Daniël Paulusma , Jian Song

In the Maker-Breaker vertex colouring game, first publicised by Gardner in 1981, Maker and Breaker alternately colour vertices of a graph using a fixed palette, maintaining a proper colouring at all times. Maker aims to colour the whole…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-11-11 Lawrence Hollom

A multi-graph $G$ on $n$ vertices is $(k,\ell)$-sparse if every subset of $n'\leq n$ vertices spans at most $kn'- \ell$ edges. $G$ is {\em tight} if, in addition, it has exactly $kn - \ell$ edges. For integer values $k$ and $\ell \in [0,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Audrey Lee , Ileana Streinu

The domination game is played on a graph G. Vertices are chosen, one at a time, by two players Dominator and Staller. Each chosen vertex must enlarge the set of vertices of G dominated to that point in the game. Both players use an optimal…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-03-14 Bostjan Bresar , Sandi Klavzar , Douglas F. Rall

A graph is $(d_1, ..., d_r)$-colorable if its vertex set can be partitioned into $r$ sets $V_1, ..., V_r$ so that the maximum degree of the graph induced by $V_i$ is at most $d_i$ for each $i\in \{1, ..., r\}$. For a given pair $(g, d_1)$,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-12-02 Hojin Choi , Ilkyoo Choi , Jisu Jeong , Geewon Suh

Given positive integers $k \leq m$ and a graph $G$, a family of lists $L = \{L(v) : v \in V(G)\}$ is said to be a random $(k,m)$-list-assignment if for every $v \in V(G)$ the list $L(v)$ is a subset of $\{1, \ldots, m\}$ of size $k$, chosen…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-04-10 Dan Hefetz , Michael Krivelevich

We study a very restrictive graph exploration problem. In our model, an agent without persistent memory is placed on a vertex of a graph and only sees the adjacent vertices. The goal is to visit every vertex of the graph, return to the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-02-01 Hans-Joachim Böckenhauer , Fabian Frei , Walter Unger , David Wehner
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