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Encoding quantum information onto bosonic systems is a promising route to quantum error correction. In a cat code, this encoding relies on the confinement of the system's dynamics onto the two-dimensional manifold spanned by Schr\"odinger…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-06-29 Luca Gravina , Fabrizio Minganti , Vincenzo Savona

Non-Gaussian quantum states have been deterministically prepared and autonomously stabilized in single- and two-mode circuit quantum electrodynamics architectures via engineered dissipation. However, it is currently unknown how to scale up…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-01-19 Petr Zapletal , Andreas Nunnenkamp , Matteo Brunelli

Continuous-variable cat codes are encodings into a single photonic or phononic mode that offer a promising avenue for hardware-efficient fault-tolerant quantum computation. Protecting information in a cat code requires measuring the mode's…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-12 Yijia Xu , Yixu Wang , Christophe Vuillot , Victor V. Albert

Fault-tolerant quantum computation with depolarization error often requires demanding error threshold and resource overhead. If the operations can maintain high noise bias -- dominated by dephasing error with small bit-flip error -- we can…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-12-21 Ming Yuan , Qian Xu , Liang Jiang

Bosonic cat qubits stabilized with a driven two-photon dissipation are systems with exponentially biased noise, opening the door to low-overhead, fault-tolerant and universal quantum computing. However, current gate proposals for such…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-31 Ronan Gautier , Mazyar Mirrahimi , Alain Sarlette

Cat states, with their unique phase-space interference properties, are ideal candidates for understanding fundamental principles of quantum mechanics and performing key quantum information processing tasks. However, they are highly…

We analyse a generalised quantum error correction code against photon loss where a logical qubit is encoded into a subspace of a single oscillator mode that is spanned by distinct multi-component cat states (coherent-state superpositions).…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-10-26 Marcel Bergmann , Peter van Loock

Bosonic quantum error correcting codes are primarily designed to protect against single-photon loss. To correct for this type of error, one can encode the logical qubit in code spaces with a definite photon parity, such as cat codes or…

We consider quantum error-correction codes for multimode bosonic systems, such as optical fields, that are affected by amplitude damping. Such a process is a generalization of an erasure channel. We demonstrate that the most accessible…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Wojciech Wasilewski , Konrad Banaszek

The pair coherent state (PCS) is a theoretical extension of the Glauber coherent state to two harmonic oscillators. It is an interesting class of non-Gaussian continuous-variable entangled state and is also at the heart of a promising…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-09-26 Jeffrey M. Gertler , Sean van Geldern , Shruti Shirol , Liang Jiang , Chen Wang

Protected qubits such as the 0-$\pi$ qubit, and bosonic qubits including cat qubits and GKP qubits offer advantages for fault-tolerance. Some of these protected qubits (e.g., 0-$\pi$ qubit and Kerr cat qubit) are stabilized by Hamiltonians…

The cat code is a promising encoding scheme for bosonic quantum error correction as it allows for correction against losses--the dominant error mechanism in most bosonic systems. However, for losses to be detected efficiently without…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-30 Jacob Hastrup , Ulrik Lund Andersen

Cat qubits, a type of bosonic qubit encoded in a harmonic oscillator, can exhibit an exponential noise bias against bit-flip errors with increasing mean photon number. Here, we focus on cat qubits stabilized by two-photon dissipation, where…

Bosonic quantum codes redundantly encode quantum information in the states of a quantum harmonic oscillator, making it possible to detect and correct errors. Schr\"odinger cat codes -- based on the superposition of two coherent states with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-09-12 David S. Schlegel , Fabrizio Minganti , Vincenzo Savona

We introduce a novel reservoir engineering approach for stabilizing multi-component Schr\"odinger's cat manifolds. The fundamental principle of the method lies in the destructive interference at crossings of gain and loss Hamiltonian terms…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-17 Ivan Rojkov , Matteo Simoni , Elias Zapusek , Florentin Reiter , Jonathan Home

Physical qubits in a quantum computer are often represented by superposition states of single particles or excitations. Decay of the excitation itself is a fundamental error channel that is difficult to overcome via external drive or…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-23 Shruti Shirol , Sean van Geldern , Hanzhe Xi , Chen Wang

We introduce a family of bosonic quantum error-correcting codes built as a rotation-symmetric superposition of squeezed vacuum states, which promise protection against both loss and dephasing noise channels. The robustness of these…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-11 Nir Gutman , Eliya Blumenthal , Shay Hacohen-Gourgy , Ariel Orda , Ido Kaminer

Protecting information against decoherence in open quantum systems remains a central challenge for quantum computing. In particular, passive error correction schemes have so far been limited to static memories rather than dynamical qubits.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-25 Mert Esencan , A. I. Lvovsky , Berislav Buča

Bosonic qubits encoded in continuous-variable systems provide a promising alternative to two-level qubits for quantum computation and communication. So far, photon loss has been the dominant source of errors in bosonic qubits, but the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-05 Peter Leviant , Qian Xu , Liang Jiang , Serge Rosenblum

To build a universal quantum computer from fragile physical qubits, effective implementation of quantum error correction (QEC) is an essential requirement and a central challenge. Existing demonstrations of QEC are based on a schedule of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-02-16 Jeffrey M. Gertler , Brian Baker , Juliang Li , Shruti Shirol , Jens Koch , Chen Wang
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