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Related papers: Spectre Attacks: Exploiting Speculative Execution

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Future MPSoCs with 1000 or more processor cores on a chip require new means for resource-aware programming in order to deal with increasing imperfections such as process variation, fault rates, aging effects, and power as well as thermal…

Operating Systems · Computer Science 2013-04-23 Jürgen Teich , Wolfgang Schröder-Preikschat , Andreas Herkersdorf

Memory latencies and bandwidth are major factors, limiting system performance and scalability. Modern CPUs aim at hiding latencies by employing large caches, out-of-order execution, or complex hardware prefetchers. However, software-based…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Arthur Bernhardt , Sajjad Tamimi , Florian Stock , Andreas Koch , Ilia Petrov

Side-channel information leakage is a known limitation of SGX. Researchers have demonstrated that secret-dependent information can be extracted from enclave execution through page-fault access patterns. Consequently, various recent research…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-02-27 Ferdinand Brasser , Urs Müller , Alexandra Dmitrienko , Kari Kostiainen , Srdjan Capkun , Ahmad-Reza Sadeghi

Research on cache attacks has shown that CPU caches leak significant information. Proposed detection mechanisms assume that all cache attacks cause more cache hits and cache misses than benign applications and use hardware performance…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-04-06 Daniel Gruss , Clémentine Maurice , Klaus Wagner , Stefan Mangard

Side-channel and fault injection attacks reveal secret information by monitoring or manipulating the physical effects of computations involving secret variables. Circuit-level countermeasures help to deter these attacks, and traditionally…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-06-28 Yuan Yao , Pantea Kiaei , Richa Singh , Shahin Tajik , Patrick Schaumont

Recently, out-of-order execution, an important performance optimization in modern high-end processors, has been revealed to pose a significant security threat, allowing information leaks across security domains. In particular, the Meltdown…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-05-31 Marina Minkin , Daniel Moghimi , Moritz Lipp , Michael Schwarz , Jo Van Bulck , Daniel Genkin , Daniel Gruss , Frank Piessens , Berk Sunar , Yuval Yarom

Context switching is utilized by operating systems to change the execution context between application programs. It involves saving and restoring the states of multiple registers and performing a pipeline flush to remove any pre-fetched…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Sahan Sanjaya , Aruna Jayasena , Prabhat Mishra

The side-channel attack is an attack method based on the information gained about implementations of computer systems, rather than weaknesses in algorithms. Information about system characteristics such as power consumption, electromagnetic…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-08-04 Guanlin Li , Chang Liu , Han Yu , Yanhong Fan , Libang Zhang , Zongyue Wang , Meiqin Wang

A key problem with neuroprostheses and brain monitoring interfaces is that they need extreme energy efficiency. One way of lowering energy is to use the low power modes avail- able on the processors embedded in these devices. We present a…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2017-05-24 Abhishek Bhattacharjee

To defeat side-channel attacks, many recent countermeasures work by enforcing random run-time variability to the target computing platform in terms of clock jitters, frequency and voltage scaling, and phase shift, also combining the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Davide Galli , Adriano Guarisco , William Fornaciari , Matteo Matteucci , Davide Zoni

Recent advancements in speculative decoding have demonstrated considerable speedup across a wide array of large language model (LLM) tasks. Speculative decoding inherently relies on sacrificing extra memory allocations to generate several…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Selin Yildirim , Deming Chen

Investigating the spectral properties of the neural covariates that underlie spiking activity is an important problem in systems neuroscience, as it allows to study the role of brain rhythms in cognitive functions. While the spectral…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-06-21 Proloy Das , Behtash Babadi

Performance Monitor Unit (PMU) is a significant hardware module on the current processors, which counts the events launched by processor into a set of PMU counters. Ideally, the events triggered by instructions that are executed but the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-07-26 Pengfei Qiu , Yongqiang Lyu , Haixia Wang , Dongsheng Wang , Chang Liu , Qiang Gao , Chunlu Wang , Rihui Sun , Gang Qu

Memory corruption is a serious class of software vulnerabilities, which requires careful attention to be detected and removed from applications before getting exploited and harming the system users. Symbolic execution is a well-known method…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Sara Baradaran , Mahdi Heidari , Ali Kamali , Maryam Mouzarani

Modern multi-core processors share cache resources for maximum cache utilization and performance gains. However, this leaves the cache vulnerable to side-channel attacks, where timing differences in shared cache behavior are exploited to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-09-23 Ghada Dessouky , Tommaso Frassetto , Ahmad-Reza Sadeghi

We introduce a new family of prompt injection attacks, termed Neural Exec. Unlike known attacks that rely on handcrafted strings (e.g., "Ignore previous instructions and..."), we show that it is possible to conceptualize the creation of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-03 Dario Pasquini , Martin Strohmeier , Carmela Troncoso

Cache randomization has recently been revived as a promising defense against conflict-based cache side-channel attacks. As two of the latest implementations, CEASER-S and ScatterCache both claim to thwart conflict-based cache side-channel…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-11-30 Wei Song , Boya Li , Zihan Xue , Zhenzhen Li , Wenhao Wang , Peng Liu

Branch prediction is a standard feature in most processors, significantly improving the run time of programs by allowing a processor to predict the direction of a branch before it has been evaluated. Current branch prediction methods can…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2018-05-03 Adam Auten , Tanishq Dubey , Rohan Mathur

Detection and quantification of information leaks through timing side channels are important to guarantee confidentiality. Although static analysis remains the prevalent approach for detecting timing side channels, it is computationally…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-07-25 Saeid Tizpaz-Niari , Pavol Cerny , Sriram Sankaranarayanan , Ashutosh Trivedi

Cyber-physical systems (CPS) are vulnerable to attacks targeting outgoing actuation commands that modify their physical behaviors. The limited resources in such systems, coupled with their stringent timing constraints, often prevents the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-04-28 Monowar Hasan , Sibin Mohan