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We study the response of granular materials to external stress using experiment, simulation, and theory. We derive an entropic, Ginzburg-Landau functional that enforces mechanical stability and positivity of contact forces. In this…

In this paper, we study the interactions of electromagnetic waves with a non-dispersive dynamic medium that is temporally dependent. Electromagnetic fields under material time-modulation conserve their momentum but not their energy. We…

Optics · Physics 2023-07-19 Theodoros T. Koutserimpas , Romain Fleury

We analyse a stationary, cylindrically symmetric spacetime endowed with an intrinsic helical twist, $ds^{2} = -dt^{2} + dr^{2} + r^{2} d\phi^{2} + (dz + \omega\, r\,d\phi)^{2}$. Solving the Einstein equations exactly yields an anisotropic…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-10-28 Edilberto O. Silva , Frankbelson dos S. Azevedo , Faizuddin Ahmed

The micromechanics of a variety of systems experiencing a structural arrest due to their high density could be unified by a thermodynamic framework governing their approach to 'jammed' configurations. The mechanism of supporting an applied…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2007-05-23 Jasna Brujic , Sam F. Edwards , Ian Hopkinson , Hernan A. Makse

This paper is intended to investigate the relation between electrodynamics in anisotropic material media and its analogous formulation in an spacetime, with non-null Riemann curvature tensor. After discussing the electromagnetism via chiral…

Classical Physics · Physics 2008-07-11 R. da Rocha , I. L. Freire

This article attempts to delineate the roles played by non-dynamical background structures and Killing symmetries in the construction of stress-energy-momentum tensors generated from a diffeomorphism invariant action density. An intrinsic…

Classical Physics · Physics 2012-08-01 Jonathan Gratus , Yuri N. Obukhov , Robin W. Tucker

In a continuum setting, the energy-momentum tensor embodies the relations between conservation of energy, conservation of linear momentum, and conservation of angular momentum. The well-defined total energy and the well-defined total…

Optics · Physics 2015-02-12 Michael E. Crenshaw

We derive exact strong-contrast expansions for the effective dielectric tensor $\epeff$ of electromagnetic waves propagating in a two-phase composite random medium with isotropic components explicitly in terms of certain integrals over the…

Materials Science · Physics 2009-11-13 Mikael C. Rechtsman , Salvatore Torquato

Electromagnetic (EM) composites have stimulated tremendous fundamental and practical interests owing to their flexible electromagnetic properties and extensive potential engineering applications. Hence, it is necessary to systematically…

Optics · Physics 2022-09-21 Faxiang Qin , Mengyue Peng , Diana Estevez , Christian Brosseau

This article describes the theoretical foundation of and explicit algorithms for a novel approach to morphology and anisotropy analysis of complex spatial structure using tensor-valued Minkowski functionals, the so-called Minkowski tensors.…

We predict that illumination by a plane electromagnetic wave of optically resonant membranes, such as graphene or monolayers of transition metal dichalcogenides, directly affects their mechanical tension. The induced optomechanical tension…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2019-07-04 I. D. Avdeev , A. N. Poddubny , A. V. Poshakinskiy

The propagation of compressional MHD waves is studied for an externally driven system. It is assumed that the combined action of the external sources and sinks of the entropy results in the harmonic oscillation of the entropy (and…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-06-23 B. M. Shergelashvili , C. Maes , S. Poedts , T. V. Zaqarashvili

We discuss several aspects of the stress-energy tensor for a quantum scalar field in an inhomogeneous background, the latter being modeled by a variable mass. Using a perturbative approach, dimensional regularization and adiabatic…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-10-29 S. A. Franchino-Viñas , M. N. Mantiñan , F. D. Mazzitelli

We analyse the "Einstein box" thought experiment and the definition of the momentum of light inside matter. We stress the importance of the total energy-momentum tensor of the closed system (electromagnetic field plus material medium) and…

Classical Physics · Physics 2012-04-25 Tomas Ramos , Guillermo F. Rubilar , Yuri N. Obukhov

Temporal metamaterials are artificially manufactured materials with time-dependent material properties that exhibit interesting phenomena when waves propagate through them. The propagation of electromagnetic waves in such time-varying…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2026-03-23 Christian Döding , Barbara Verfürth

General relativity and its extensions including torsion identify stress energy momentum as being proportional to the Einstein tensor, thus ensuring both symmetry and conservation. Here we visualize stress energy and momentum by identifying…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-02-26 Adam Marsh

The mean stress tensor is essential to investigate the dynamics of granular material. In this paper, we use Hamilton's principle of least action to derive the averaged stress tensor of discrete granular assemblies subjected to hydraulic…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2023-01-19 Zhuan Ge , Teng Man , Sergio Andres Galindo-Torres

A good definition for the energy momentum tensor of gravity (EMTG) in General Relativity (GR) is a hard, if not impossible, task. On the other hand, in its teleparallel version, known as The Teleparallel Equivalent of General Relativity…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-12-18 J. B. Formiga

We examine layered metamaterial structures consisting of alternating films of epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) and dielectric material, and show that for such a stack it is possible to enhance the refractive, reflective or absorptive properties of…

In this paper, lightweight metastructures are designed consisting of prismatic tensegrity building blocks which have excellent strength-to-weight ratio and also enable unique compression-torsion coupling. A theoretical model with coupled…

Applied Physics · Physics 2017-12-29 Y. T. Wang , X. N. Liu , R. Zhu , G. K. Hu
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