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It has been proposed that the short period gamma-ray bursts, which occur at a rate of $\sim 10 {\rm yr^{-1}}$, may be evaporating primordial black holes (PBHs). Calculations of the present PBH evaporation rate have traditionally assumed…

Astrophysics · Physics 2014-10-13 Anne M. Green

Overdense regions can collapse into primordial black holes (PBHs) in the early universe, which are a compelling candidate for dark matter. Current constraints leave the asteroid-mass window the only possible one for PBH to account for all…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-01-21 Wencong Hong , Shi Pi , Ao Wang , Zhenyu Zhang

Within the mass range of $10^{16}-5\times 10^{18}$ g, primordial black holes (PBHs) persist as plausible candidates for dark matter. Our study involves a reassessment of the constraints on PBHs through a comparative analysis of the cosmic…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-04-30 Xiu-hui Tan , Jun-qing Xia

We study the matter power spectrum constraint on primordial black holes (PBH) by the dark matter (DM) emitted through Hawking radiation. We particularly focus on the scenario where PBH, with mass ranges between 1g and $10^9$g, evaporates…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-03-06 Yu-Ming Chen

We investigate Primoridal Black Hole (PBH) formation by which we mean black holes produced in the early universe during radiation domination. After discussing the range of PBH mass permitted in the original mechanism of Carr and Hawking,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-04-27 Paul H. Frampton

In this article, we calculate the mass distribution of primordial black holes (PBHs) formed in the matter-dominated (MD) era by the peak theory. We apply the Zel'dovich approximation to track the nonlinear evolution of overdensities and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-09-03 Weitao Ye , Yungui Gong , Tomohiro Harada , Zhaofeng Kang , Kazunori Kohri , Daiki Saito , Chul-Moon Yoo

We examine the effects of massive primordial black holes (PBHs) on cosmic structure formation, employing both a semi-analytical approach and cosmological simulations. Our simulations incorporate PBHs with a monochromatic mass distribution…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-11-01 Saiyang Zhang , Volker Bromm , Boyuan Liu

Much attention has been drawn to the recent discoveries by the Advanced Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) of merging intermediate mass black holes. Of particular interest is the possibility that the merger events…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-12-22 Benjamin Horowitz

It is possible that a multi-component dark matter model is required if primordial black holes only contribute to a fraction of the energy density in dark matter. This is increasingly more likely with respect to the case of $f_{\rm PBH} =…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-05-31 Philippa S. Cole

We review numerous arguments for primordial black holes (PBHs) based on observational evidence from a variety of lensing, dynamical, accretion and gravitational-wave effects. This represents a shift from the usual emphasis on PBH…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-02-06 Bernard Carr , Sebastien Clesse , Juan Garcia-Bellido , Michael Hawkins , Florian Kuhnel

We derive constraints on mixed dark-matter scenarios consisting of primordial black holes (PBHs) and weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs). In these scenarios, we expect a density spike of the WIMPs that are gravitationally bound to…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2019-09-12 Sofiane M. Boucenna , Florian Kuhnel , Tommy Ohlsson , Luca Visinelli

Primordial black holes (PBHs) in the mass range $10^{17} - 10^{23}~{\rm gm}$ are considered as possible dark matter candidates as they are not subject to big-bang nucleosynthesis constraints and behave like cold dark matter. If PBHs are…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-06-01 Semin Xavier , Alan Sunny , S. Shankaranarayanan

It has recently been proposed that massive primordial black holes (PBH) could constitute all of the dark matter, providing a novel scenario of structure formation, with early reionization and a rapid growth of the massive black holes at the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-10-16 Juan García-Bellido , Sebastien Clesse

Despite decades of research, the existence of asteroid-mass primordial black holes (PBHs) remains almost completely unconstrained and thus could still comprise the totality of dark matter (DM). In this paper, we show that standard searches…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-11-21 Andrew L. Miller

The detection of gravitational waves from mergers of tens of Solar mass black hole binaries has led to a surge in interest in Primordial Black Holes (PBHs) as a dark matter candidate. We aim to provide a (relatively) concise overview of the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-03-25 Anne M. Green , Bradley J. Kavanagh

In the model where Primordial Black Holes (PBHs) form from large primordial curvature (C) perturbations, i.e., CPBHs, constraints on PBH abundance provide in principle constraints on the primordial curvature power spectrum. This connection…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-10-15 Alba Kalaja , Nicola Bellomo , Nicola Bartolo , Daniele Bertacca , Sabino Matarrese , Ilia Musco , Alvise Raccanelli , Licia Verde

A very pressing question in contemporary physics is the identity of Dark Matter (DM). Primordial Black Holes (PBHs) are one of the most well-motivated DM candidates. Light PBHs have been constrained by either the non-detection of their…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-15 Akash Kumar Saha , Abhijeet Singh , Priyank Parashari , Ranjan Laha

Primordial black holes (PBHs) are one of the most appealing dark matter candidates over a wide range of masses and abundances. This broad parameter space has been constrained by a variety of observational probes. In this work, for the first…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-04-14 Mainak Mukhopadhyay , Joaquim Iguaz Juan

We study the allowed primordial black hole (PBH) dark matter abundance in the mixed dark matter scenarios consisting of PBHs and self-annihilating weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) with a velocity dependent annihilation cross…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-03-30 Kenji Kadota , Hiroyuki Tashiro

It has long been suggested that a fraction of the dark matter in the Universe could exist in the form of primordial black holes (PBHs) that have existed since the radiation dominated era. Recent studies have suggested that these PBHs may be…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-09-03 Lewis R. Prole , John A. Regan , Daxal Mehta , Peter Coles , Pratika Dayal