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Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD) and Diabetic Macular Edema (DME) are the major causes of vision loss in developed countries. Alteration of retinal layer structure and appearance of exudate are the most significant signs of these…
Automatic classification of Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) can assist ophthalmologists in devising personalized treatment plans, making it a critical component of clinical practice. However, imbalanced data distribution in the dataset becomes a…
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) grading is crucial in determining the adequate treatment and follow up of patients, but the screening process can be tiresome and prone to errors. Deep learning approaches have shown promising performance as…
Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is a primary cause of blindness, necessitating early detection and diagnosis. This paper focuses on referable DR classification to enhance the applicability of the proposed method in clinical practice. We develop…
Retinal fundus images are widely used for the clinical screening and diagnosis of eye diseases. However, fundus images captured by operators with various levels of experience have a large variation in quality. Low-quality fundus images…
Convolutional Neural Network models have successfully detected retinal illness from optical coherence tomography (OCT) and fundus images. These CNN models frequently rely on vast amounts of labeled data for training, difficult to obtain,…
Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have successfully been used to classify diabetic retinopathy (DR) fundus images in recent times. However, deeper representations in CNNs may capture higher-level semantics at the expense of spatial…
Fundus diseases are major causes of visual impairment and blindness worldwide, especially in underdeveloped regions, where the shortage of ophthalmologists hinders timely diagnosis. AI-assisted fundus image analysis has several advantages,…
Recent studies have validated the association between cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk and retinal fundus images. Combining deep learning (DL) and portable fundus cameras will enable CVD risk estimation in various scenarios and improve…
This research paper addresses the critical challenge of diabetic retinopathy (DR), a severe complication of diabetes leading to potential blindness. The proposed methodology leverages transfer learning with convolutional neural networks…
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the leading causes of blindness. However, no specific symptoms of early DR lead to a delayed diagnosis, which results in disease progression in patients. To determine the disease severity levels,…
Microaneurysms (MAs), the earliest pathognomonic signs of Diabetic Retinopathy (DR), present as sub-60 $\mu m$ lesions in fundus images with highly variable photometric and morphological characteristics, rendering manual screening not only…
Patients with long-standing diabetes often fall prey to Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) resulting in changes in the retina of the human eye, which may lead to loss of vision in extreme cases. The aim of this study is two-fold: (a) create deep…
Deep learning applications for assessing medical images are limited because the datasets are often small and imbalanced. The use of synthetic data has been proposed in the literature, but neither a robust comparison of the different methods…
Recently anomaly detection has drawn much attention in diagnosing ocular diseases. Most existing anomaly detection research in fundus images has relatively large anomaly scores in the salient retinal structures, such as blood vessels,…
Accurately segmenting blood vessels in retinal fundus images is crucial in the early screening, diagnosing, and evaluating some ocular diseases, yet it poses a nontrivial uncertainty for the segmentation task due to various factors such as…
A well-known retinal disease that sends blurry visions to the affected patients is Macular Degeneration. This research is based on classifying the healthy and macular degeneration fundus by localizing the affected region of the fundus. A…
Failure to recognize samples from the classes unseen during training is a major limitation of artificial intelligence in the real-world implementation for recognition and classification of retinal anomalies. We established an…
Segmenting of clinically important retinal blood vessels into arteries and veins is a prerequisite for retinal vessel analysis. Such analysis can provide potential insights and bio-markers for identifying and diagnosing various retinal eye…
In this manuscript, we automate the procedure of grading of diabetic retinopathy and macular edema from fundus images using an ensemble of convolutional neural networks. The availability of limited amount of labeled data to perform…