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The use of subword embedding has proved to be a major innovation in Neural Machine Translation (NMT). It helps NMT to learn better context vectors for Low Resource Languages (LRLs) so as to predict the target words by better modelling the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Amit Kumar , Shantipriya Parida , Ajay Pratap , Anil Kumar Singh

Khmer is a low-resource language characterized by a complex script, presenting significant challenges for optical character recognition (OCR). While document printed text recognition has advanced because of available datasets, performance…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Marry Kong , Rina Buoy , Sovisal Chenda , Nguonly Taing , Masakazu Iwamura , Koichi Kise

Handwritten character recognition is an active research challenge,especially for Indian scripts. This paper deals with handwritten Malayalam, with a complete set of basic characters, vowel and consonant signs and compound characters that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-09-07 Jomy John

Efforts on the research and development of OCR systems for Low-Resource Languages are relatively new. Low-resource languages have little training data available for training Machine Translation systems or other systems. Even though a vast…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-04 S M Rakib Hasan , Aakar Dhakal , Md Humaion Kabir Mehedi , Annajiat Alim Rasel

Pre-trained vision and language models such as CLIP have witnessed remarkable success in connecting images and texts with a primary focus on English texts. Despite recent efforts to extend CLIP to support other languages, disparities in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Zhen Zhang , Jialu Wang , Xin Eric Wang

Text classification, an integral task in natural language processing, involves the automatic categorization of text into predefined classes. Creating supervised labeled datasets for low-resource languages poses a considerable challenge.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Riya Savant , Anushka Shelke , Sakshi Todmal , Sanskruti Kanphade , Ananya Joshi , Raviraj Joshi

Increased accuracy in predictive models for handwritten character recognition will open up new frontiers for optical character recognition. Major drawbacks of predictive machine learning models are headed by the elongated training time…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-07-27 Abdul Kawsar Tushar , Akm Ashiquzzaman , Afia Afrin , Md. Rashedul Islam

This paper introduces a novel multimodal framework for hate speech detection in deepfake audio, excelling even in zero-shot scenarios. Unlike previous approaches, our method uses contrastive learning to jointly align audio and text…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Rishabh Ranjan , Likhith Ayinala , Mayank Vatsa , Richa Singh

In a multilingual or sociolingual configuration Intra-sentential Code Switching (ICS) or Code Mixing (CM) is frequently observed nowadays. In the world, most of the people know more than one language. CM usage is especially apparent in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-12 Sunil Gundapu , Radhika Mamidi

Large language models recall knowledge reliably in English but often fail on the same query posed in a lower-resourced language -- a crosslingual consistency gap that remains underexplored for Indian languages and their code-mixed…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Debajyoti Mazumder , Divyansh Pathak , Prashant Kodali , Aditya Joshi , Akshay Agarwal , Jasabanta Patro

This paper presents a Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) to identify the script of handwritten words of Roman, Devanagari, Kannada and Telugu scripts. It emphasizes the significance of directional energies for identification of script of the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2013-03-13 Mallikarjun Hangarge

This paper describes our approach on Query Word Labeling as an attempt in the shared task on Mixed Script Information Retrieval at Forum for Information Retrieval Evaluation (FIRE) 2015. The query is written in Roman script and the words…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2016-08-01 Satanu Ghosh , Souvick Ghosh , Dipankar Das

The handwriting of an individual may vary substantially with factors such as mood, time, space, writing speed, writing medium and tool, writing topic, etc. It becomes challenging to perform automated writer verification/identification on a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-01-01 Chandranath Adak , Bidyut B. Chaudhuri , Michael Blumenstein

Gesture typing is a method of typing words on a touch-based keyboard by creating a continuous trace passing through the relevant keys. This work is aimed at developing a keyboard that supports gesture typing in Indic languages. We begin by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-29 Emil Biju , Anirudh Sriram , Mitesh M. Khapra , Pratyush Kumar

Handwritten font generation is important for preserving cultural heritage and creating personalized designs. It adds an authentic and expressive touch to printed materials, making them visually appealing and establishing a stronger…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-05 Preeti P. Bhatt , Jitendra V. Nasriwala , Rakesh R. Savant

While large language models excel on high-resource multilingual tasks, low- and extremely low-resource Indic languages remain severely under-evaluated. We present IndicParam, a human-curated benchmark of over 13,000 multiple-choice…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Ayush Maheshwari , Kaushal Sharma , Vivek Patel , Aditya Maheshwari

The focus of this work is sign spotting - given a video of an isolated sign, our task is to identify whether and where it has been signed in a continuous, co-articulated sign language video. To achieve this sign spotting task, we train a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-09 Liliane Momeni , Gül Varol , Samuel Albanie , Triantafyllos Afouras , Andrew Zisserman

The focus of this work is $\textit{sign spotting}$ - given a video of an isolated sign, our task is to identify $\textit{whether}$ and $\textit{where}$ it has been signed in a continuous, co-articulated sign language video. To achieve this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-10 Gül Varol , Liliane Momeni , Samuel Albanie , Triantafyllos Afouras , Andrew Zisserman

Interpretation of different writing styles, unconstrained cursiveness and relationship between different primitive parts is an essential and challenging task for recognition of handwritten characters. As feature representation is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-08 Mohammad Idrees Bhat , B. Sharada

Encoded (or ciphered) manuscripts are a special type of historical documents that contain encrypted text. The automatic recognition of this kind of documents is challenging because: 1) the cipher alphabet changes from one document to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-29 Mohamed Ali Souibgui , Alicia Fornés , Yousri Kessentini , Crina Tudor