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Despite considerable progress in handwritten text recognition, paragraph-level handwritten text recognition, especially in low-resource languages, such as Hindi, Urdu and similar scripts, remains a challenging problem. These languages,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Sayantan Dey , Alireza Alaei , Partha Pratim Roy

Reading scene text, that is, text appearing in images, has numerous application areas, including assistive technology, search, and e-commerce. Although scene text recognition in English has advanced significantly and is often considered…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Anik De , Abhirama Subramanyam Penamakuri , Rajeev Yadav , Aditya Rathore , Harshiv Shah , Devesh Sharma , Sagar Agarwal , Pravin Kumar , Anand Mishra

Semantic evaluation in low-resource languages remains a major challenge in NLP. While sentence transformers have shown strong performance in high-resource settings, their effectiveness in Indic languages is underexplored due to a lack of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Nishant Tanksale , Tanmay Kokate , Darshan Gohad , Sarvadnyaa Barate , Raviraj Joshi

Learning similarity metrics for glyphs and writing systems faces a fundamental challenge: while individual graphemes within invented alphabets can be reliably labeled, the historical relationships between different scripts remain uncertain…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Claire Roman , Philippe Meyer

Cross lingual projection of linguistic annotation suffers from many sources of bias and noise, leading to unreliable annotations that cannot be used directly. In this paper, we introduce a novel approach to sequence tagging that learns to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-07-06 Meng Fang , Trevor Cohn

We propose a novel method that uses convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for feature extraction. Not just limited to conventional spatial domain representation, we use multilevel 2D discrete Haar wavelet transform, where image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-01-08 Soumya Ukil , Swarnendu Ghosh , Sk Md Obaidullah , K. C. Santosh , Kaushik Roy , Nibaran Das

Optical Character Recognition (OCR) is one of the important fields in image processing and pattern recognition domain. Handwritten character recognition has always been a challenging task. Only a little work can be traced towards the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2013-01-03 H. R. Mamatha , S. Karthik , Murthy K. Srikanta

Handwritten character classification in the Bengali script is a significant challenge due to the complexity and variability of the characters. The models commonly used for classification are often computationally expensive and data-hungry,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Rafi Hassan Chowdhury , Naimul Haque , Kaniz Fatiha

A line of a bilingual document page may contain text words in regional language and numerals in English. For Optical Character Recognition (OCR) of such a document page, it is necessary to identify different script forms before running an…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2011-07-05 B. V. Dhandra , Mallikarjun Hangarge

A classifier is developed that defines a joint distribution of global character features, number of sub-units and local sub-unit features to model Hindi online handwritten characters. The classifier uses latent variables to model the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-27 Anand Sharma , A. G. Ramakrishnan

A set of features independent of character stroke direction and order variations is proposed for online handwritten character recognition. A method is developed that maps features like co-ordinates of points, orientations of strokes at…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Anand Sharma , A. G. Ramakrishnan

Translating technical terms into lexically similar, low-resource Indian languages remains a challenge due to limited parallel data and the complexity of linguistic structures. We propose a novel use-case of Sanskrit-based segments for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Karthika N J , Krishnakant Bhatt , Ganesh Ramakrishnan , Preethi Jyothi

Despite having hundreds of millions of speakers, handwritten Devanagari text remains severely underrepresented in publicly available benchmark datasets. Existing resources are limited in scale, focus primarily on isolated characters or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Kunwar Arpit Singh , Ankush Prakash , Haroon R Lone

As the Internet help us cross language and cultural border by providing different types of translation tools, cross language plagiarism, also known as translation plagiarism are bound to arise. Especially among the academic works, such…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2009-12-22 Chow Kok Kent , Naomie Salim

Sign Language Recognition has emerged as one of the important area of research in Computer Vision. The difficulty faced by the researchers is that the instances of signs vary with both motion and appearance. Thus, in this paper a novel…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2013-06-07 Joyeeta Singha , Karen Das

Zero-shot cross-lingual transfer utilizing multilingual LLMs has become a popular learning paradigm for low-resource languages with no labeled training data. However, for NLP tasks that involve fine-grained predictions on words and phrases,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Duong Minh Le , Yang Chen , Alan Ritter , Wei Xu

Character recognition is the fundamental part of an optical character recognition (OCR) system. Word recognition, sentence transcription, document digitization, and language processing are some of the higher-order activities that can be…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Mirza Raquib , Asif Pervez Polok , Kedar Nath Biswas , Farida Siddiqi Prity , Saydul Akbar Murad , Nick Rahimi

Training state-of-the-art offline handwriting recognition (HWR) models requires large labeled datasets, but unfortunately such datasets are not available in all languages and domains due to the high cost of manual labeling.We address this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-08-07 Chris Tensmeyer , Curtis Wigington , Brian Davis , Seth Stewart , Tony Martinez , William Barrett

We describe a method for classification of handwritten Kannada characters using Hidden Markov Models (HMMs). Kannada script is agglutinative, where simple shapes are concatenated horizontally to form a character. This results in a large…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-10-17 Manasij Venkatesh , Vikas Majjagi , Deepu Vijayasenan

In this study, we tackle the challenge of limited labeled data for low-resource languages in ASR, focusing on Hindi. Specifically, we explore pseudo-labeling, by proposing a generic framework combining multiple ideas from existing works.…