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Graph isomorphism, a classical algorithmic problem, determines whether two input graphs are structurally identical or not. Interestingly, it is one of the few problems that is not yet known to belong to either the P or NP-complete…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Sourav Dutta , Arnab Bhattacharya

The signature of a path is a sequence of tensors which allows to uniquely reconstruct the path. By employing the geometric theory of nonlinear systems of ordinary differential equations, we find necessary and sufficient algebraic conditions…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2025-05-20 Francesco Galuppi , Giovanni Moreno , Pierpaola Santarsiero

Building on recent work of Robertson and Steger, we associate a C*-algebra to a combinatorial object which may be thought of as a higher rank graph. This C*-algebra is shown to be isomorphic to that of the associated path groupoid.…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Alex Kumjian , David Pask

We use simple sub-Riemannian techniques to prove that an arbitrary geometric p-rough path in the sense of Lyons (98) is the limit in sup-norm of a sequence of canonically lifted smooth paths, which are uniformly bounded in p-variation,…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Peter Friz , Nicolas Victoir

We provide a unified geometric realization of the classical deformation complexes. We construct GL-equivariant bilinear incidence varieties whose diagonal slices recover the varieties of associative, commutative, Leibniz, and Lie algebra…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2025-11-24 Atabey Kaygun

We develop a linear algebraic framework for the shape-from-shading problem, because tensors arise when scalar (e.g. image) and vector (e.g. surface normal) fields are differentiated multiple times. Using this framework, we first investigate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-08-07 Daniel Niels Holtmann-Rice , Benjamin S. Kunsberg , Steven W. Zucker

We identify the complexity of the classification problem for automorphisms of a given countable regularly branching tree up to conjugacy. We consider both the rooted and unrooted cases. Additionally, we calculate the complexity of the…

Logic · Mathematics 2020-01-09 Kyle Beserra , Samuel Coskey

In this paper we show that, after completion in the I-adic topology, the Goldman bracket on the space spanned by homotopy classes of loops on a smooth, complex algebraic curve is a morphism of mixed Hodge structure. We prove similar…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2020-11-18 Richard Hain

Graph Isomorphism is the prime example of a computational problem with a wide difference between the best known lower and upper bounds on its complexity. We bridge this gap for a natural and important special case, planar graph isomorphism,…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2009-01-30 Samir Datta , Nutan Limaye , Prajakta Nimbhorkar , Thomas Thierauf , Fabian Wagner

It is unknown whether two graphs can be tested for isomorphism in polynomial time. A classical approach to the Graph Isomorphism Problem is the d-dimensional Weisfeiler-Lehman algorithm. The d-dimensional WL-algorithm can distinguish many…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2010-12-10 Harm Derksen

A connected graph can be associated with two distinct evolution algebras. In the first case, the structural matrix is the adjacency matrix of the graph itself. In the second case, the structural matrix is the transition probabilities matrix…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-05-22 Paula Cadavid , Mary Luz Rodiño Montoya , Pablo M. Rodriguez , Sebastian J. Vidal

This work studies path planning in two-dimensional space, in the presence of polygonal obstacles. We specifically address the problem of building a roadmap graph, that is, an abstract representation of all the paths that can potentially be…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2016-06-08 Stéphane Lens , Bernard Boigelot

There is no known polynomial-time algorithm for graph isomorphism testing, but elementary combinatorial "refinement" algorithms seem to be very efficient in practice. Some philosophical justification is provided by a classical theorem of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-10-17 Michael Anastos , Matthew Kwan , Benjamin Moore

The probability that two randomly selected phylogenetic trees of the same size are isomorphic is found to be asymptotic to a decreasing exponential modulated by a polynomial factor. The number of symmetrical nodes in a random phylogenetic…

Probability · Mathematics 2009-01-07 Miklos Bona , Philippe Flajolet

We study graph classes modeled by families of non-crossing (NC) connected sets. Two classic graph classes in this context are disk graphs and proper interval graphs. We focus on the cases when the sets are paths and the host is a tree…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2020-08-18 Steven Chaplick

Evolution algebras are non-associative algebras inspired from biological phenomena, with applications to or connections with different mathematical fields. There are two natural ways to define an evolution algebra associated to a given…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2019-01-01 Paula Cadavid , Mary Luz Rodiño Montoya , Pablo M. Rodríguez

Consider a collection of random variables attached to the vertices of a graph. The reconstruction problem requires to estimate one of them given `far away' observations. Several theoretical results (and simple algorithms) are available when…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-09-10 Antoine Gerschenfeld , Andrea Montanari

Contact path geometries are curved geometric structures on a contact manifold comprising smooth families of paths modeled on the family of all isotropic lines in the projectivization of a symplectic vector space. Locally such a structure is…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Daniel J. F. Fox

The Graph Isomorphism problem restricted to graphs of bounded treewidth or bounded tree distance width are known to be solvable in polynomial time [Bod90],[YBFT99]. We give restricted space algorithms for these problems proving the…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2010-02-03 Bireswar Das , Jacobo Toran , Fabian Wagner

An $H$-graph is one representable as the intersection graph of connected subgraphs of a suitable subdivision of a fixed graph $H$, introduced by Bir\'{o}, Hujter and Tuza (1992). An $H$-graph is proper if the representing subgraphs of $H$…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-03-24 Deniz Ağaoğlu Çağırıcı , Petr Hliněný