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Artificial Intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing scientific research, yet its growing integration into laboratory environments presents critical safety challenges. Large language models (LLMs) and vision language models (VLMs) now assist in…

Neural networks are increasingly applied to support decision making in safety-critical applications (like autonomous cars, unmanned aerial vehicles and face recognition based authentication). While many impressive static verification…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-07 Guoliang Dong , Jun Sun , Jingyi Wang , Xinyu Wang , Ting Dai

Despite the extent of recent advances in Machine Learning (ML) and Neural Networks, providing formal guarantees on the behavior of these systems is still an open problem, and a crucial requirement for their adoption in regulated or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Matteo Francobaldi , Michele Lombardi

Recent breakthroughs in machine and deep learning (ML and DL) research have provided excellent tools for leveraging enormous amounts of data and optimizing huge models with millions of parameters to obtain accurate networks for image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-28 Mohammadreza Amirian

In-region location verification (IRLV) aims at verifying whether a user is inside a region of interest (ROI). In wireless networks, IRLV can exploit the features of the channel between the user and a set of trusted access points. In…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-06-13 Alessandro Brighente , Francesco Formaggio , Giorgio Maria Di Nunzio , Stefano Tomasin

The growing trend of legal disputes over the unauthorized use of data in machine learning (ML) systems highlights the urgent need for reliable data-use auditing mechanisms to ensure accountability and transparency in ML. We present the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Zonghao Huang , Neil Zhenqiang Gong , Michael K. Reiter

A precise vulnerability discovery model (VDM) will provide a useful insight to assess software security, and could be a good prediction instrument for both software vendors and users to understand security trends and plan ahead patching…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-08-30 Viet Hung Nguyen , Fabio Massacci

Software security vulnerabilities allow attackers to perform malicious activities to disrupt software operations. Recent Transformer-based language models have significantly advanced vulnerability detection, surpassing the capabilities of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Aidan Z. H. Yang , Haoye Tian , He Ye , Ruben Martins , Claire Le Goues

Accurate rejection of sensitive or harmful visual content, i.e., harmful image guardrail, is critical in many application scenarios. This task must continuously adapt to the evolving safety policies and content across various domains and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Caiyong Piao , Zhiyuan Yan , Haoming Xu , Yunzhen Zhao , Kaiqing Lin , Feiyang Xu , Shuigeng Zhou

Despite the tremendous advances in machine learning (ML), training with imbalanced data still poses challenges in many real-world applications. Among a series of diverse techniques to solve this problem, sampling algorithms are regarded as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-19 Angelos Chatzimparmpas , Fernando V. Paulovich , Andreas Kerren

Machine Learning (ML) is currently being exploited in numerous applications being one of the most effective Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies, used in diverse fields, such as vision, autonomous systems, and alike. The trend…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Cristiana Bolchini , Luca Cassano , Antonio Miele

This paper focuses on finding reinforcement learning policies for control systems with hard state and action constraints. Despite its success in many domains, reinforcement learning is challenging to apply to problems with hard constraints,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-24 Liyuan Zheng , Yuanyuan Shi , Lillian J. Ratliff , Baosen Zhang

The increasing global crime rate, coupled with substantial human and property losses, highlights the limitations of traditional surveillance methods in promptly detecting diverse and unexpected acts of violence. Addressing this pressing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Aritra Dutta , Pushpita Boral , G Suseela

Recent advances in generative artificial intelligence have enabled the creation of highly realistic image forgeries, raising significant concerns about digital media authenticity. While existing detection methods demonstrate promising…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Junhao Xu , Jingjing Chen , Yang Jiao , Jiacheng Zhang , Zhiyu Tan , Hao Li , Yu-Gang Jiang

Code vulnerability detection (CVD) is essential for addressing and preventing system security issues, playing a crucial role in ensuring software security. Previous learning-based vulnerability detection methods rely on either fine-tuning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Xuefeng Jiang , Lvhua Wu , Sheng Sun , Jia Li , Jingjing Xue , Yuwei Wang , Tingting Wu , Min Liu

Despite emerging efforts to enhance the safety of Vision-Language Models (VLMs), current approaches face two main shortcomings. 1) Existing safety-tuning datasets and benchmarks only partially consider how image-text interactions can yield…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Youngwan Lee , Kangsan Kim , Kwanyong Park , Ilcahe Jung , Soojin Jang , Seanie Lee , Yong-Ju Lee , Sung Ju Hwang

This paper explores how the current paradigm of vulnerability management might adapt to include machine learning systems through a thought experiment: what if flaws in machine learning (ML) were assigned Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-01-27 Jonathan M. Spring , April Galyardt , Allen D. Householder , Nathan VanHoudnos

The success of Deep Learning and its potential use in many safety-critical applications has motivated research on formal verification of Neural Network (NN) models. Despite the reputation of learned NN models to behave as black boxes and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-05-23 Rudy Bunel , Ilker Turkaslan , Philip H. S. Torr , Pushmeet Kohli , M. Pawan Kumar

As machine learning systems are increasingly used to make real world legal and financial decisions, it is of paramount importance that we develop algorithms to verify that these systems do not discriminate against minorities. We design a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-01-01 Osbert Bastani , Xin Zhang , Armando Solar-Lezama

Machine learning (ML) pervades an increasing number of academic disciplines and industries. Its impact is profound, and several fields have been fundamentally altered by it, autonomy and computer vision for example; reliability engineering…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-20 Zhaoyi Xu , Joseph Homer Saleh