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Human emotions involve basic and compound facial expressions. However, current research on facial expression recognition (FER) mainly focuses on basic expressions, and thus fails to address the diversity of human emotions in practical…
Facial action unit (AU) detection is challenging due to the difficulty in capturing correlated information from subtle and dynamic AUs. Existing methods often resort to the localization of correlated regions of AUs, in which predefining…
The intensity estimation of facial action units (AUs) is challenging due to subtle changes in the person's facial appearance. Previous approaches mainly rely on probabilistic models or predefined rules for modeling co-occurrence…
Facial Action Unit (AU) detection has gained significant attention as it enables the breakdown of complex facial expressions into individual muscle movements. In this paper, we revisit two fundamental factors in AU detection: diverse and…
Current works formulate facial action unit (AU) recognition as a supervised learning problem, requiring fully AU-labeled facial images during training. It is challenging if not impossible to provide AU annotations for large numbers of…
It is challenging to recognize facial action unit (AU) from spontaneous facial displays, especially when they are accompanied by speech. The major reason is that the information is extracted from a single source, i.e., the visual channel,…
Detecting action units (AUs) on human faces is challenging because various AUs make subtle facial appearance change over various regions at different scales. Current works have attempted to recognize AUs by emphasizing important regions.…
Expressing and identifying emotions through facial and physical expressions is a significant part of social interaction. Emotion recognition is an essential task in computer vision due to its various applications and mainly for allowing a…
The muscular activities caused the activation of certain AUs for every facial expression at the certain duration of time throughout the facial expression. This paper presents the methods to recognise facial Action Unit (AU) using facial…
Facial action units allow an objective, standardized description of facial micro movements which can be used to describe emotions in human faces. Annotating data for action units is an expensive and time-consuming task, which leads to a…
Facial Action Unit (AU) detection seeks to recognize subtle facial muscle activations as defined by the Facial Action Coding System (FACS). A primary challenge w.r.t AU detection is the effective learning of discriminative and generalizable…
Emotions play a crucial role in human behavior and decision-making, making emotion recognition a key area of interest in human-computer interaction (HCI). This study addresses the challenges of emotion recognition by integrating facial…
Facial Action Units detection (FAUs) represents a fine-grained classification problem that involves identifying different units on the human face, as defined by the Facial Action Coding System. In this paper, we present a simple yet…
The rapid evolution of generative AI has increased the threat of realistic audio-visual deepfakes, demanding robust detection methods. Existing solutions primarily address unimodal (audio or visual) forgeries but struggle with multimodal…
Facial expression recognition (FER) has emerged as a promising approach to the development of emotion-aware intelligent agents and systems. However, key challenges remain in utilizing FER in real-world contexts, including ensuring user…
This paper presents a subject-independent facial action unit (AU) detection method by introducing the concept of relative AU detection, for scenarios where the neutral face is not provided. We propose a new classification objective function…
For the Facial Action Unit (AU) detection task, accurately capturing the subtle facial differences between distinct AUs is essential for reliable detection. Additionally, AU detection faces challenges from class imbalance and the presence…
Facial Emotion Analysis (FEA) plays a crucial role in visual affective computing, aiming to infer a person's emotional state based on facial data. Scientifically, facial expressions (FEs) result from the coordinated movement of facial…
This paper describes an approach to the facial action units detections. The involved action units (AU) include AU1 (Inner Brow Raiser), AU2 (Outer Brow Raiser), AU4 (Brow Lowerer), AU6 (Cheek Raise), AU12 (Lip Corner Puller), AU15 (Lip…
Micro-expression (ME) action units (Micro-AUs) provide objective clues for fine-grained genuine emotion analysis. Most existing Micro-AU detection methods learn AU features from the whole facial image/video, which conflicts with the…