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Explicit Runge-Kutta (RK) integration of hyperbolic initial-boundary value problems with time-dependent Dirichlet data often displays order reduction: the observed convergence order falls below the nominal order because the stage structure…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-04-13 Giorgio Maria Cavallazzi , Miguel Pérez Cuadrado , Alfredo Pinelli

Explicit Runge--Kutta (RK) methods are susceptible to a reduction in the observed order of convergence when applied to initial-boundary value problem with time-dependent boundary conditions. We study conditions on explicit RK methods that…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-02-11 Abhijit Biswas , David I. Ketcheson , Steven Roberts , Benjamin Seibold , David Shirokoff

In this paper a technique is given to recover the classical order of the method when explicit exponential Runge-Kutta methods integrate reaction-diffusion problems. Although methods of high stiff order for problems with vanishing boundary…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-11-22 Begoña Cano , Marí a Jesús Moreta

It is well known that Lawson methods suffer from a severe order reduction when integrating initial boundary value problems where the solutions are not periodic in space or do not satisfy enough conditions of annihilation on the boundary.…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-09-30 Begoña Cano , Nuria Reguera

Runge-Kutta time-stepping methods in general suffer from order reduction: the observed order of convergence may be less than the formal order when applied to certain stiff problems. Order reduction can be avoided by using methods with high…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-08-17 David Ketcheson , Benjamin Seibold , David Shirokoff , Dong Zhou

When one wishes to numerically solve an initial value problem, it is customary to rewrite it as an equivalent first-order system to which a method, usually from the class of Runge-Kutta methods, is applied. Directly treating higher-order…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-02-25 Loris Petronijevic

Runge-Kutta (RK) methods may exhibit order reduction when applied to stiff problems. For linear problems with time-independent operators, order reduction can be avoided if the method satisfies certain weak stage order (WSO) conditions,…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-02-06 Abhijit Biswas , David Ketcheson , Benjamin Seibold , David Shirokoff

When applied to stiff, linear differential equations with time-dependent forcing, Runge-Kutta methods can exhibit convergence rates lower than predicted by the classical order condition theory. Commonly, this order reduction phenomenon is…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-02-15 Steven Roberts , Adrian Sandu

An explicit stabilized additive Runge-Kutta scheme is proposed. The method is based on a splitting of the problem in severely stiff and mildly stiff subproblems, which are then independently solved using a Runge-Kutta-Chebyshev scheme. The…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-03-09 Assyr Abdulle , Giacomo Rosilho de Souza

We study the convergence of a class of Runge-Kutta type schemes for backward stochastic differential equations (BSDEs) in a Markovian framework. The schemes belonging to the class under consideration benefit from a certain stability…

Probability · Mathematics 2014-03-24 Jean-François Chassagneux , Dan Crisan

Runge-Kutta methods have an irreplaceable position among numerical methods designed to solve ordinary differential equations. Especially, implicit ones are suitable for approximating solutions of stiff initial value problems. We propose a…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-12-13 Hana Mizerová , Katarína Tvrdá

Classical convergence theory of Runge-Kutta methods assumes that the time step is small relative to the Lipschitz constant of the ordinary differential equation (ODE). For stiff problems, that assumption is often violated, and a problematic…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-05-05 Steven B. Roberts , David Shirokoff , Abhijit Biswas , Benjamin Seibold

In this paper, we extend the Paired-Explicit Runge-Kutta schemes by Vermeire et. al. to fourth-order of consistency. Based on the order conditions for partitioned Runge-Kutta methods we motivate a specific form of the Butcher arrays which…

In this paper, we study a class of initial boundary value problem (IBVP) of the Korteweg- de Vries equation posed on a finite interval with nonhomogeneous boundary conditions. The IBVP is known to be locally well-posed, but its global $L^2…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2016-11-25 Ivonne Rivas , Muhammad Usman , Bing-Yu Zhang

The Butcher theory provides a powerful tool for analyzing order conditions of Runge-Kutta schemes for ordinary differential equations (ODEs); however, such a theory has not yet been well established for backward stochastic differential…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-05-26 Shuixin Fang , Yue Qiu , Weidong Zhao

In a previous paper, a technique was suggested to avoid order reduction with any explicit exponential Runge-Kutta method when integrating initial boundary value nonlinear problems with time-dependent boundary conditions. In this paper, we…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-07-18 Begoña Cano , María Jesús Moreta

In this article, we propose novel boundary treatment algorithms to avoid order reduction when implicit-explicit Runge-Kutta time discretization is used for solving convection-diffusion-reaction problems with time-dependent Di\-richlet…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-10-07 V. González-Tabernero , J. G. López-Salas , M. J. Castro-Díaz , J. A. García-Rodríguez

The design of numerical integrators for solving stochastic dynamics with high weak order relies on tedious calculations and is subject to a high number of order conditions. The original approaches from the literature consider strong…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-03-26 Adrien Busnot Laurent , Kristian Debrabant , Anne Kværnø

We consider compact finite-difference schemes of the 4th approximation order for an initial-boundary value problem (IBVP) for the $n$-dimensional non-homogeneous wave equation, $n\geq 1$. Their construction is accomplished by both the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-12-30 Alexander Zlotnik , Olga Kireeva

Finite element methods provide accurate and efficient methods for the numerical solution of partial differential equations by means of restricting variational problems to finite-dimensional approximating spaces. However, they do not…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-06-24 Robert C. Kirby , John D. Stephens
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